2010年自學(xué)考試英語(二)串講資料(一)
主要內(nèi)容
試卷分析和最新出題思路
重點語法
備考要訣及學(xué)習(xí)方法轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
最新英語(二)試卷主觀題統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)
考題 滿分 平均分
單詞拼寫 10 2.48
詞形填空 10 2.17
漢譯英 15 5.53
英譯漢 15 10.75
總分 50 20.93
最新出題思路
(1)與課文的關(guān)系
往年與課文有關(guān)的大題:第一、第四、第五和第六大題
近年與課文有關(guān)的大題:第四和第六大題
建議:熟讀課文,掌握課文中的大綱詞匯,特別留意課文中體現(xiàn)重點語法和經(jīng)典句型的句子。
(2) 與課文無關(guān)的大題:第二、第三、第七大題。
文章選材:主要涉及社會文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、教育、歷史、和生活常識等內(nèi)容。
建議:廣泛閱讀此類題材的文章,最好是中英文對照版本。推薦雜志:《英語沙龍》,《大學(xué)英語》,《英語學(xué)習(xí)》。
每道題的考點:
第一題:詞匯語法題
主要考點:定語從句、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞;狀語從句的連接詞;詞匯辨析;固定搭配;常用句型。近年來詞匯題比重增加。
建議:通過學(xué)習(xí)教材上下冊,熟練掌握基本語法,背熟大綱詞匯,加強同義詞、近義詞、和形似詞的比較,牢記固定搭配。
歷年試題舉例:
1. At the end of 1994 the pitish government introduced new measures to help ____domestic workers from abuse by their employers.
[A] protect [B] suspect [C] expect [D]inspect A
2. I‘m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the meeting.
[A] down [B] up [C] out [D] over B
3. By using both ears one can tell the direction ___ a sound comes.
[A] in which [B] from which[C] over which[D] with which B
第二題:完型填空題
主要考點:除了第一大題已提到的考點外,還注重考察介詞、連詞、副詞、代詞等虛詞的用法。近年來詞匯題比例有所增加。轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
建議:“上看下看,左看右看”,即充分利用上下文提供的信息答題。
歷年試題舉例:
… Colter was excited, so he told 17 about the place. 18 , the other people did not believe him.
17. [A] the other [B] others B
[C] another [D] each other
18. [A] Then [B] However B
[C] Therefore [D] Consequently
第三題:閱讀理解題
主要特點:文章體裁多為論述文,偶有記敘文,主要涉及文化、教育、風(fēng)俗、歷史、人物故事、社會問題、科普常識等內(nèi)容,不涉及太專業(yè)的內(nèi)容。文章平均長度為300-350詞/篇,總閱讀量為1500-2000詞。問題以細(xì)節(jié)題為主,其次是總結(jié)題,偶爾有一兩道詞匯題和推理題。題目的順序和文章的順序大體對應(yīng)。
第四題:單詞拼寫題
往年考題:多選用考綱詞表中的常用詞,包括中學(xué)詞匯,平均詞長為6個字母。
最新特點:最近一次考題中單詞拼寫幾乎全部出自下冊課文,以A課文為主, 單詞長度顯著增加,平均詞長為9個字母,有5個單詞詞長超過10個字母,出現(xiàn)了兩個超綱詞,無一中學(xué)詞匯。
最新考題舉例
36. accompany (1A) 37. boundary (2A)
38. capture (14A) 39. decline (10A)
40. employee (4A) 41. feasible (8A)
42. heartpeaking (14A) 43. grateful
44. increasingly (6A) 45. junction (15A)
46. loyalty (10A) 47. moderate (8B)
48. overwhelming (10A) 49. nominate (10B)
50. participant (5A) 51. persistently (14A)
52. queue (14A) 53. spontaneous (5A)
54. reinforce (12B) 55. undertake (13A)
第五題:詞形填空題
主要考點:謂語動詞(時態(tài)、語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、主謂一致),非謂語動詞(動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、動名詞),形容詞比較級,詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。
建議:掌握扎實的語法知識,通過大量做題來消化這些語法知識,力求做到舉一反三,觸類旁通。
歷年試題舉例轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
1. Cancer research ___ (make) all over the world in the past twenty years. (has been made)
2. The more stress you are under, the ___ (likely) you are to catch a cold. ( more likely)
3. It seems reasonable to assume that, other things ___ (be) equal, they would prefer single to shared rooms. (being)
4. These electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is ____ (specialize) in its function. (special)
第六題:漢譯英
主要考點:全面考察詞匯、語法和句型的運用能力,多考虛擬語氣、比較級、疑問句、強調(diào)句和一些固定表達方式。最新考題中有三道題直接出自下冊課文。
閱卷要求:主要語法錯誤(如動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、主謂一致、否定、疑問以及其他句型錯誤)或重要用詞錯誤扣1分;非基本語法錯誤(如介詞、代詞、冠詞、大寫、標(biāo)點等錯誤)每兩處扣1分;拼寫錯誤每兩處扣1分,本大題總扣分不超過3分。
最新試題舉例
68.一個具有文學(xué)藝術(shù)欣賞力的人能勝任這項工作。
選自下冊第9單元A課文后Word Study中appreciation的一個例句。主要考查定語從句和be qualified for 的用法。
69.隨著研究技術(shù)變得更加先進,用于實驗的動物數(shù)量將會大大減少。
選自下冊第11單元A課文最后一段的第一句話。主要考查as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,表示“隨著”。
70.那位生物學(xué)家相信某些動物物種正受到滅絕的威脅。
根據(jù)下冊第14單元A課文后的翻譯練習(xí)中的第6題有所改動。原話為“他相信某些植物物種正受到滅絕的威脅!
第七題:英譯漢
主要特點:綜合考查詞匯和語法,注意定語從句、狀語從句、比較級、倒裝句的理解。
閱卷要求:根據(jù)總體印象打分,分為15-13分,12-10分,9-7分,6-4分,3-1分五個檔次。只要譯文大體準(zhǔn)確通順即可得分,不要求譯得非常漂亮。
結(jié)語
知己知彼,百戰(zhàn)不殆!轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
II. 重點語法復(fù)習(xí)
動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)
非謂語動詞
虛擬語氣
定語從句和名詞性從句
1. 動詞主要時態(tài)和語態(tài)表
一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時 一般將來時
主動: do did will do
被動: are done were done will be done
現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時 將來進行時
主動: are doing were doing will be doing
被動: are being done were being done
現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時 將來完成時
主動: have done had done will have done
被動: have been done had been done
現(xiàn)在完成進行時
主動: have been doing
動詞主要時態(tài)的意義及運用
現(xiàn)在完成時,過去完成時和將來完成時
英語提示語:up to now, so far, for three years, since 1995, over past ten years, by the end of this week, by the year of 1995
漢語提示語:已經(jīng),早已,了
e.g. We haven‘t met each other since last year.
By the end of this week, we‘ll have finished the task.
現(xiàn)在完成進行時
從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,沒有間斷。
漢語提示語:一直
e.g. The water has been running the whole night.
過去完成時
said, reported, thought
等引導(dǎo)的間接引語中。
e.g. He missed the train. He said he had missed the train.
2) hardly…when, no sooner… than
e.g. No sooner had he got up than he received the call.
3) 與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣的條件狀語從句中
e.g If I had tried harder, I would have won.
I wish I had done better in the exam.
歷年考題中的動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)
1.So far, Irving ___ (live) in New York City for ten years. (has been lived)
2.The patient ___ (send) to another hospital before we got there. (had been sent)
3.The second half of the nineteenth century ___ (witness) the first extended translation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi. (witnessed)
自考《英語(二)》串講資料2
2. 非謂語動詞
動詞主要時態(tài)和語態(tài)一覽表
》俏接鋃??形式 意義轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
現(xiàn)在分詞
一 般 式 doing 主動, 正在進行
被 動 式 being done 被動, 正在進行
完成主動式 having done 主動, 已經(jīng)完成
完成被動式 having been done 被動, 已經(jīng)完成
過去分詞 done 被動, 已經(jīng)完成
動詞不定式
一 般 式 to do 主動,將要進行
被 動 式 to be done 被動, 將要進行
完成主動式 to have done 主動, 已經(jīng)完成
進行主動式 to be doing 主動, 正在進行
非謂語動詞作狀語
?動詞不定式:1)目的狀語;2)結(jié)果狀語
e.g. I came here to meet you. (目的)
He hurried to the rail station only to miss the train. (結(jié)果)
?分詞:1) 伴隨狀語;2)原因狀語;3)條件狀語 4)讓步狀語;5)時間狀語
e.g. Walking along the street, he met his old friend. (時間)
Being very tired, my father didn‘t go out with us. (原因)
Made by hand, the silk shirt is very expensive. (原因)
Seen from the space, the earth looks like a blue ball. (條件)
非謂語動詞,狀語從句和獨立結(jié)構(gòu)
Having done their homework, the children began to play. (分詞作狀語)
After having done their homework, the children began to play. (連詞+分詞)
After they had done their homework, the children began to play. (狀語從句)
With homework done, the children began to play. (獨立結(jié)構(gòu))
非謂語動詞作定語
If there is no choice, there is no decision ___ (make)。 (to be made)
Do you know the man ____ ( stand) in front of the house(standing)
The question ____ (discuss) at the moment is very important. (being discussed)
The pidge ____ (build) in the 1950s is still in good condition. (built)
動名詞和動詞不定式
作主語和表語
動名詞作主語/表語表示一般、抽象的情況;動詞不定時作主語表示具體某次的情況。
e.g Rising early is good for health.
To rise early tomorrow is difficult for me.
It is difficult for me to rise early tomorrow.
My biggest wish is to go apoad.
Seeing is believing.
作賓語
接動名詞作賓語的動詞:
admit, acknowledge, avoid, deny, consider, enjoy, escape,
excuse, forgive, finish, suggest, mind, include, involve, delay,
put off, postpone, feel like, look forward to, be used to, be
accustomed to, etc.
接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞:
want, tend, intend, pretend, hope, plan, expect, be supposed to,
seem, be likely to, used to, be willing to, desire, force, prefer, start, begin
接動名詞和動詞不定式有不同含義的動詞:
forget, remember, regret
stop, continue
need/ want
allow doing/ allow sb to do
1) How can I forget meeting you for the first time?
Sorry, I forgot to lock the door.
2) I can‘t stop laughing. Can you stop to give me a hand?
3)The grass needs cutting. The grass needs to be cut.
4)We don‘t allow smoking here. You are not allowed to smoke here.
歷年考題中的非謂語動詞
1. A man cannot be really happy if what he enjoys ___ (do) is ignored by society as of no value or importance. (doing)
2. Anyone ___(want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics. (wanting)
3. It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes ___ (control) his direction. (to control)
4. As research techniques become more advanced, the number of animals ___ (use) in experiments may decrease. (used)
5. A life ___ (live) without fantasy and daydreaming is a really poor life indeed. (lived)
6. This poem, if ___ (translate) word for word into Chinese, will make no sense. (translated)
7. They may have their passports _____ (remove), making leaving or “escaping” actually impossible. (removed)
8. Her body, with hands and feet ____ (bind), was discovered by a traveler early in the morning. (bound)
3. 虛擬語氣
第一大類:非真實條件下的虛擬語氣
時間 從句 主句
與現(xiàn)在事實相反 did/ were should/could/would + do
與過去事實相反 had done should/could/would + have done
與將來事實相反 were to do should/could/would + do should do
第二大類:從句中用過去時或過去完成時的虛擬語氣
would rather + 從句
wish + 從句
if only + 從句
as if/ as though + 從句
It‘s time + 從句
第三大類:從句中用should加動詞原形的虛擬語氣,其中should可省略。
suggest, propose, advise, move(動議), ask, order, require, request, desire, insist, prefer 等動詞后接的賓語從句;
suggestion, proposal, advice, motion, order, requirement, request, desire, preference等名詞后的同位語從句;
3. important, necessary, essential, imperative, desirable, advisable, preferable 等形容詞用在it is … that…句型中;
4. lest, in case, for fear that 等引導(dǎo)的從句中。
歷年考題中的虛擬語氣
If it hadn‘t been for your help, we ___ (be) in real trouble. (would have been)
He would have given you more help, if he ___ (not be) so busy. (had not been)
It is high time that we ___ (take) firm measures to protect our environment. (took)
It was imperative that students ___ (finish) their papers before July 1st. (should finish/ finish)
4. 定語從句和名詞性從句
定語從句:限制性和非限制性定語從句
引導(dǎo)定語從句
1)關(guān)系代詞(在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語):which, that, who, whom, whose
2)關(guān)系副詞(在定語從句中作狀語):when, where, why, how
名詞性從句
名詞性從句:主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句
引導(dǎo)名詞性從句:
1)主從連詞(不在從句中作任何成分):that, whether, if
2)連接代詞(在從句中作主語、賓語、表語):what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever…
3)連接副詞(在從句中作狀語):when, where, why, how
定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別
The story (that) he told me may not be true.
The story that he has made a fortune may not be true.
2. 什么時候用介詞+which 的形式?
The place which I visited last week is very beautiful.
The place in which I used to live is very beautiful.
3. which 和 as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句
He is easy to get angry, which is well known.
He is easy to get angry, as everybody knows.
歷年考題中的定語從句和名詞性從句
1. Studies have shown ___ teenagers often suffer from depression.
[A] that which [C] in which [D] in that A
2. It is a well-known fact ___ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.
[A] that if [C] when [D] whether A
3. Very few people understood this contract, ___ was very obscure.
[A] the language the language of which B
[C] all it said [D] which it had said
?2010年高教自考英語網(wǎng)絡(luò)輔導(dǎo)招生簡章
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