2019涓€绱氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)宸ョ▼甯€婇嫾绛嬫贩鍑濆湡绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)銆嬭瑳缇╋細绗笁绔犵涓€绡€(ji茅)

绗� 3 绔� 鎸夎繎浼兼鐜囩悊璜栫殑妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)瑷�(sh猫)瑷堟硶

3.1 妤� 闄� 鐙€ 鎱�(t脿i)

3.1.1 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓婄殑浣滅敤銆佷綔鐢ㄦ晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍜岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎶楀姏

1. 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓婄殑浣滅敤

浣跨祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷収(n猫i)鍔涙垨璁婂舰鐨勫師鍥犵ū鐐�“浣滅敤”锛屽垎鐩存帴浣滅敤鍜岄枔鎺ヤ綔鐢ㄥ叐绋€�

(1) 鐩存帴浣滅敤锛氳嵎杓�

(2) 闁撴帴浣滅敤锛氭贩鍑濆湡鐨勬敹绺�銆佹韩搴﹁畩鍖栥€佸熀绀�(ch菙)鐨勫樊鐣版矇闄�銆佸湴闇囩瓑銆傞枔鎺ヤ綔鐢ㄤ笉鍍呰垏澶栫晫鍥犵礌鏈夐棞(gu膩n)锛岄倓鑸囩祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鏈韩鐨勭壒鎬ф湁闂�(gu膩n)銆備緥濡�锛屽湴闇囧皪绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐗╃殑浣滅敤锛屼笉鍍呰垏鍦伴渿鍔犻€熷害鏈夐棞(gu膩n)锛岄倓鑸囩祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑷韩鐨勫嫊鍔涚壒鎬ф湁闂�(gu膩n)锛屾墍浠ヤ笉鑳芥妸鍦伴渿浣滅敤绋辩偤“鍦伴渿鑽疯級”銆�

2. 浣滅敤鏁堟噳(y墨ng)

绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓婄殑浣滅敤浣跨祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鍏�(n猫i)鍔�(濡傚綆鐭�銆佸壀鍔涖€佽桓鍚戝姏銆佹壄鐭╃瓑)銆佽畩褰�銆佽绺瓑绲�(t菕ng)绋辩偤浣滅敤鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鎴栬嵎杓夋晥鎳�(y墨ng)銆傝嵎杓夎垏鑽疯級鏁堟噳(y墨ng)涔嬮枔閫氬父鎸夋煇绋棞(gu膩n)绯荤浉鑱�(li谩n)绯�銆�

S = C · Q

鈹� 鈹� 鈹斺攢 鑽疯級

鈹� 鈹斺攢鈹€鈹€ 鑽疯級鏁堟噳(y墨ng)绯绘暩(sh霉)

鈹斺攢鈹€鈹€鈹€ 鑽疯級鏁堟噳(y墨ng)

3. 鑽疯級鐨勫垎椤�

鎸変綔鐢ㄦ檪闁撶殑闀风煭鍜屾€ц唱(zh矛)锛岃嵎杓夊彲鍒嗙偤涓夐锛�

1)姘镐箙鑽疯級 鍦ㄧ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄦ湡闁擄紝鍏跺€间笉闅ㄦ檪闁撹€岃畩鍖�锛屾垨鍏惰畩鍖栬垏骞冲潎鍊肩浉姣斿彲浠ュ拷鐣ヤ笉瑷堬紝鎴栧叾璁婂寲鏄柈瑾�(di脿o)鐨勫苟鑳借定浜庨檺鍊肩殑鑽疯級銆備緥濡�锛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勮嚜韬噸鍔�銆佸湡澹撳姏銆侀爯(y霉)鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涚瓑鑽疯級锛屾案涔呰嵎杓夊張绋辨亽鑽疯級銆�

2)鍙畩鑽疯級 鍦ㄧ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄦ湡鍏�(n猫i)鍏跺€奸毃鏅傞枔鑰岃畩鍖�锛屽叾璁婂寲鑸囧钩鍧囧€肩浉姣斾笉鍙拷鐣ョ殑鑽疯級銆備緥濡�锛屾〒闈㈡椿鑽疯級銆佸悐杌婅嵎杓夈€侀ⅷ(f膿ng)鑽疯級銆侀洩鑽疯級绛�锛屽彲璁婅嵎杓夊張绋辨椿鑽疯級銆�

3)鍋剁劧鑽疯級 鍦ㄧ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄦ湡鍏�(n猫i)涓嶄竴瀹氬嚭鐝�(xi脿n)锛屼竴鏃﹀嚭鐝�(xi脿n)锛屽叾鍊煎緢澶т笖鎸佺簩(x霉)鏅傞枔寰堢煭鐨勮嵎杓�銆備緥濡傦紝鐖嗙偢鍔�銆佹挒鎿婂姏绛�銆�

4. 鑽疯級鐨勬婧栧€�

鍏锋湁涓€瀹氭鐜�(涓€鑸偤95%)鐨勬渶澶ц嵎杓夊€肩ū鐐鸿嵎杓夋婧栧€�銆傝嵎杓夋婧栧€兼槸鑽疯級鐨勫熀鏈唬琛ㄥ€笺€傚皪浜庣祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鑷噸鍙互鏍规摎(j霉)绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堝昂瀵稿拰鏉愭枡鐨勯噸鍔涘瘑搴︾⒑瀹�;鍙畩鑽疯級妯欐簴鍊肩敱瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愬収(n猫i)鏈€澶ц嵎杓夋鐜囧垎甯冪殑鏌愬€嬪垎浣嶅€肩⒑瀹�銆�

3.1.2 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫姛鑳借姹�

1. 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫畨鍏ㄧ瓑绱�

鎴戝湅鏍规摎(j霉)寤虹瓚绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐮村鏅傚彲鑳界敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鍚庢灉鍤撮噸鑸囧惁锛屽垎鐐轰笁鍊嬪畨鍏ㄧ瓑绱氾細

涓€绱�——鐮村鍚庢灉寰堝毚閲�銆侀噸瑕佺殑寤虹瓚鐗�;

浜岀礆——鐮村鍚庢灉鍤撮噸銆佷竴鑸殑寤虹瓚鐗�;

涓夌礆——鐮村鍚庢灉涓嶅毚閲�銆佹瑕佸缓绛戠墿銆�

灏嶄汉鍝℃瘮杓冮泦涓娇鐢ㄩ牷绻佺殑褰卞妵闄�銆侀珨鑲查え绛�锛屽畨鍏ㄧ瓑绱氬疁鎸変竴绱氳ō(sh猫)瑷�;寤虹瓚鐗╀腑姊�銆佹煴绛夊悇椤炴(g貌u)浠剁殑瀹夊叏绛夌礆涓€鑸噳(y墨ng)鑸囨暣鍊嬪缓绛戠墿鐨勫畨鍏ㄧ瓑绱氱浉鍚�銆�

2. 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄�

绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄�锛屾槸鎸囪ō(sh猫)瑷堢殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎴栫祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)妲�(g貌u)浠朵笉闇€閫茶澶т慨鍗冲彲鎸夊叾闋�(y霉)瀹氱洰鐨勪娇鐢ㄧ殑鏅傛湡銆備竴鑸缓绛戠祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愬彲鐐�50骞淬€傚悇椤炲伐绋嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愭槸涓嶆噳(y墨ng)绲�(t菕ng)涓€鐨�銆備緥濡�锛屾⿱姊佹噳(y墨ng)姣旀埧灞嬬殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愰暦锛屽ぇ澹╃殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愭洿闀�銆�

娉ㄦ剰锛氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勮ō(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愰洊鑸囧叾浣跨敤澹藉懡鏈夎伅(li谩n)绯伙紝浣嗕笉绛夊悓銆傝秴閬庤ō(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愮殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)骞朵笉鏄笉鑳戒娇鐢�锛岃€屾槸鎸囧畠鐨勫彲闈犲害闄嶄綆浜�銆�

3. 寤虹瓚绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勫姛鑳�

瑷�(sh猫)瑷堢殑绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)妲�(g貌u)浠跺湪瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愬収(n猫i)锛屽湪姝ｅ父缍姊濅欢涓嬶紝鎳�(y墨ng)鑳戒繚鎸佸叾浣跨敤鍔熻兘锛岃€屼笉闇€閫茶澶т慨鍔犲浐銆傛噳(y墨ng)瑭叉豢瓒崇殑鍔熻兘瑕佹眰鍙鎷偤锛�

(1)瀹夊叏鎬� 寤虹瓚绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎳�(y墨ng)鑳芥壙鍙楁甯告柦宸ュ拰姝ｅ父浣跨敤鏅傚彲鑳藉嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鐨勫悇绋嵎杓夊拰璁婂舰锛屽湪鍋剁劧浜嬩欢(濡傚湴闇�銆佺垎鐐哥瓑)鐧�(f膩)鐢熸檪鍜岀櫦(f膩)鐢熷悗淇濇寔蹇呴渶鐨勬暣楂旂┅(w臎n)瀹氭€�锛屼笉鑷寸櫦(f膩)鐢熷€掑銆�

(2)閬╃敤鎬� 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦ㄦ甯镐娇鐢ㄩ亷绋嬩腑鎳�(y墨ng)鍏锋湁鑹ソ鐨勫伐浣滄€с€備緥濡�锛屼笉鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷奖闊夸娇鐢ㄧ殑閬庡ぇ璁婂舰鎴栨尟骞�锛屼笉鐧�(f膩)鐢熻冻浠ヨ畵浣跨敤鑰呬笉瀹夌殑閬庡鐨勮绺瓑銆�

(3)鑰愪箙鎬� 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦ㄦ甯哥董璀锋浠朵笅鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夎冻澶犵殑鑰愪箙鎬�锛屽畬濂戒娇鐢ㄥ埌瑷�(sh猫)瑷堣(gu墨)瀹氱殑骞撮檺锛屽嵆瑷�(sh猫)瑷堜娇鐢ㄥ勾闄愩€備緥濡�锛屾贩鍑濆湡涓嶇櫦(f膩)鐢熷毚閲嶉ⅷ(f膿ng)鍖�銆佽厫铦�銆佽劔钀斤紝閶肩瓔涓嶇櫦(f膩)鐢熼姽铦曠瓑銆�

3.1.3 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍔熻兘鐨勬サ闄愮媭鎱�(t脿i)

鑳藉畬鎴愰爯(y霉)瀹氱殑鍚勯爡鍔熻兘鏅傦紝绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)铏曚簬鏈夋晥鐙€鎱�(t脿i);鍙嶄箣锛屽墖铏曚簬澶辨晥鐙€鎱�(t脿i)锛屾湁鏁堢媭鎱�(t脿i)鍜屽け鏁堢媭鎱�(t脿i)鐨勫垎鐣�锛岀ū鐐烘サ闄愮媭鎱�(t脿i)锛屾槸绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)闁嬪澶辨晥鐨勬蹇椼€傛サ闄愮媭鎱�(t脿i)鍙垎鐐轰簩椤�銆�

1. 鎵胯級鑳藉姏妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)

绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎴栨(g貌u)浠堕仈鍒版渶澶ф壙杓夎兘鍔涙垨鑰呴仈鍒颁笉閬╀簬绻肩簩(x霉)鎵胯級鐨勮畩褰㈢媭鎱�(t脿i)锛岀ū鐐烘壙杓夎兘鍔涙サ闄愮媭鎱�(t脿i)銆傝秴閬庢壙杓夎兘鍔涙サ闄愮媭鎱�(t脿i)鍚庯紝绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎴栨(g貌u)浠跺氨涓嶈兘婊胯冻瀹夊叏鎬х殑瑕佹眰銆傚锛�

(1) 鏉愭枡寮峰害涓嶅鑰岀牬澹�;

(2) 鍥犵柌鍕炶€岀牬澹�;

(3) 鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熼亷澶х殑濉戞€ц畩褰㈣€屼笉鑳界辜绾�(x霉)鎵胯級;

(4) 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎴栨(g貌u)浠跺柂澶辩┅(w臎n)瀹�;

(5) 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)杞�(zhu菐n)璁�?y艒u)闂凜鍕曢珨绯汇€�

2. 姝ｅ父浣跨敤妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)

绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎴栨(g貌u)浠堕仈鍒版甯镐娇鐢ㄦ垨鑰愪箙鎬ц兘涓煇闋呰(gu墨)瀹氶檺搴︾殑鐙€鎱�(t脿i)绋辩偤姝ｅ父浣跨敤妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)銆傝秴閬庝簡姝ｅ父浣跨敤妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)锛岀祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎴栨(g貌u)浠跺氨涓嶈兘淇濊瓑閬╃敤鎬у拰鑰愪箙鎬х殑鍔熻兘瑕佹眰銆�

渚嬪锛氱祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎴栨(g貌u)浠跺嚭鐝�(xi脿n)褰遍熆姝ｅ父浣跨敤鐨勯亷澶ц畩褰�銆侀亷瀵绺�銆佸眬閮ㄦ悕澹炲拰鎸嫊銆�

绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鎴栨(g貌u)浠舵寜鎵胯級鑳藉姏妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)閫茶瑷堢畻鍚�锛岄倓鎳�(y墨ng)瑭叉寜姝ｅ父浣跨敤妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)閫茶椹楃畻銆�

3.1.4 妤� 闄� 鐙€ 鎱�(t脿i) 鏂� 绋�

1. 鎵胯級鑳藉姏妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鍑芥暩(sh霉)

绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐨勬サ闄愮媭鎱�(t脿i)鍙互鐢ㄦサ闄愮媭鎱�(t脿i)鍑芥暩(sh霉)渚嗚〃閬�銆傛壙杓夎兘鍔涙サ闄愮媭鎱�(t脿i)鍑芥暩(sh霉)鍙〃绀虹偤

Z = R – S (3-1)

寮忎腑 S —— 琛ㄧず鑽疯級鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛屽畠浠ｈ〃鐢卞悇绋嵎杓夊垎鍒ョ敘(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鑽疯級鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鐨勭附鍜�;

R —— 琛ㄧず绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)妲�(g貌u)浠舵姉鍔�銆�

2. 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鐙€鎱�(t脿i)

鏍规摎(j霉)S銆丷鐨勫彇鍊间笉鍚�锛孼鍊煎彲鑳藉嚭鐝�(xi脿n)涓夌ó鎯呮硜锛�

Z = R-S >0 鏅�, 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)铏曚簬鍙潬鐙€鎱�(t脿i);

Z = R-S =0 鏅�, 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)铏曚簬妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)銆�

Z = R-S <0 鏅�, 绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)铏曚簬澶辨晥鐙€鎱�(t脿i);

鍦�3-1 妤甸檺鐙€鎱�(t脿i)鏂圭▼鍙栧€肩ず鎰忓湒

3.鍔熻兘鍑芥暩(sh霉)

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