2014年職稱英語(理工類)教材閱讀理解文章及譯文4

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　　Motoring Techonlogy

　　1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year,plus a further 50 million injuries.To reduce car crash rate,much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.

　　Travelling at speed has always been dangerous.One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants.They can ensure you don’t miss important road signs or fall asleep.Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.

　　Some safety developments aim to improve your vision.Radar can spot obstacles in fog,while other technology“sees through”big vehicles blocking your view.

　　And improvements to seat belts,pedal(腳踏)controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer.The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety,as have,less surprisingly,size and shape.

　　But whatever is in the fuel tank,you don’t want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations(創(chuàng)新).Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash,automatically calling for help.

　　Accidents cause many traffic jams,but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road.Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools.Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyons’s personal chauffeur(司機(jī)),but their latest efforts suggest that won’t be soon.

　　1.To reduce car crash rate,many scientists are working hard to

　　A.design fully automatic cars.

　　B.develop faster electric vehicles.

　　C.analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each year.

　　D.improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels.

　　2.According to the second paragraph,most road accidents happen due to

　　A.heavy traffic.

　　B.human mistakes.

　　C.engine failure.

　　D.bad weather.

　　3.Which of the following safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?

　　A.Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.

　　B.Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog.

　　C.Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles.

　　D.Improvements in seat belts,pedal controls and tyres.

　　4.Satellite tracking and remote communication systems cna be used to

　　A.reduce oil consumption.

　　B.remove the obstacles on the road.

　　C.call for help when one’s car crashes.

　　D.help drivers get out of a traffic jam.

　　5.Which of the following statements is true of robotic drivers?

　　A.It will take some time before robotic drivers are available.

　　B.Robotic drivers are not allowed to driveon busy roads.

　　C.Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers.

　　D.Robotic drivers are too expensive to use.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.C 文章第一段的意思是：在世界范圍內(nèi)，每年發(fā)生120萬起交通死亡事故，加上5000萬起傷殘事故，因此正在進(jìn)行的許多研究的重點(diǎn)是安全問題和新燃料問題，盡管一些電動(dòng)車和生物燃料的研究旨在達(dá)到更快的速度。所以，C是正確選項(xiàng)。

　　2.B 第二段最后一句說，大多數(shù)汽車撞車事故是人為原因造成的，而不是機(jī)械故障的原因。所以C是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng);A和D的fall asleep和speeding是人為原因，但只是部分人為因素，不能概全。

　　3.D 文章中沒有提到windscreens(汽車擋風(fēng)玻璃)，所以D是正確選項(xiàng)。其他幾項(xiàng)均在文章提到。

　　4.C 根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容，使用衛(wèi)星跟蹤和遙控通信方面的革新，其目的是防盜(A和D)和發(fā)生事故時(shí)求援(B)。C的內(nèi)容在文中沒有被提到，所以是正確選項(xiàng)。

　　5.A 文章最后一段說，為機(jī)器人司機(jī)編制程序后，它們就能使交通變得通暢，也許今后某一天，大家都擁有機(jī)器人司機(jī)，但是，這一天的到來還有待時(shí)日。B C D的內(nèi)容文中均沒有提到;A句說，要實(shí)際使用機(jī)器人司機(jī)還需時(shí)日，這顯然與末段最后一句表達(dá)的意思相吻合。

　　譯文：汽車技術(shù)

　　每年，全世界有120萬起路面交通死亡事故，以及五千萬起路面交通傷殘事故。為降低車禍發(fā)生率，現(xiàn)在有很多研究將注意力放在行車安全和開發(fā)新型燃料上。而有些關(guān)于電動(dòng)機(jī)車和生物燃料的研究旨在達(dá)到更快的速度。

　　高速駕駛一向是很危險(xiǎn)的。一項(xiàng)在機(jī)動(dòng)車安全前沿領(lǐng)域的研究是有關(guān)車內(nèi)數(shù)字化輔助設(shè)施的。這些設(shè)施會(huì)確保司機(jī)們不會(huì)錯(cuò)過重要的路況指示牌或在開車時(shí)睡著。通過運(yùn)

　　用人工智能軟件，這些輔助設(shè)施可監(jiān)控行車過程并確保在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻司機(jī)不會(huì)被手機(jī)或廣播干擾注意力。許多車禍?zhǔn)怯扇藶樵蛟斐傻亩菣C(jī)械故障。

　　一些行車安全方面的改進(jìn)力圖改善司機(jī)的視野。雷達(dá)可對(duì)霧中的障礙物定位，而其他的科技手段可透過阻礙你視線的高大車輛看到前方。

　　對(duì)安全帶、剎車板控制和車胎的改進(jìn)也使行車過程變得更/頃暢、安全。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)車的顏色與安全有關(guān)，令人不會(huì)感到驚訝的是，車的大小和形狀也與安全有關(guān)。

　　從礦物燃料中提取的汽油的替代物，例如植物油，也是研究中的一個(gè)熱門區(qū)域。取材于氫氣的燃料電池燃燒時(shí)無污染，并已成為一項(xiàng)重要研究的攻克對(duì)象。

　　但不管燃料箱中盛為何物，你可不想在駕駛座上坐的是一個(gè)竊賊。對(duì)此，也有很多創(chuàng)新來打擊汽車盜竊，其中一些運(yùn)用了衛(wèi)星跟蹤和遠(yuǎn)程通訊。當(dāng)發(fā)生車禍時(shí)，這些通訊系統(tǒng)也可起作用，自動(dòng)地呼叫幫助。

　　交通事故可引發(fā)許多交通堵塞。但在一暢通卻繁忙的路段上，汽車間也有很多的細(xì)微互動(dòng)，從而導(dǎo)致可能的阻塞。此類阻塞可用數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)工具來進(jìn)行分析。被編程的機(jī)器人可使交通流動(dòng)更順暢，并有朝一日有望成為每個(gè)人的私家司機(jī)。但最新成果表明這種設(shè)想并 非短期內(nèi)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。