2009年中石油職稱英語考試閱讀真題匯總

　　09年

　　III. Reading Comprehension

　　Directions: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C,and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

　　Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:

　　Washington D.C. was the first city in history to be created solely for the purpose of governance. Following the Revolution, members of Congress had hotly debated the question of a permanent home for themselves and for departments, such as the Treasury, the Patent Office, and so on, which even the sketchiest of central government would feel obliged to establish. In 1790, largely in order to put an end to congressional bickering, George Washington was charged with selecting a site for the newly designated federal district. Not much to anyone's surprise but to the disappointment of many, he chose a tract of land on the banks of the Potomac River, a few miles upstream from his beloved plantation, Mount Vernon.

　　The District of Columbia was taken in part from Virginia and in part from Maryland. At the time it was laid out, its hundred square miles consisted of gently rolling hills, some under cultivation and the rest heavily wooded, with a number of creeks and much swampy land along the Potomac. There is now a section of Washington that is commonly referred to as Foggy Bottom; that section bore the same nickname a hundred and eighty years ago. Two port cities, Alexandria and Georgetown, flourished within sight of the new capital and gave it access by ship to the most important cities of the infant nation--Harleston, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, Newport, Salem, and Portsmouth--and also to the far-off ports of England and the Continent.

　　41. What is the main topic of the passage?

　　A. The role of George Washington in the American Revolution

　　B. The first years of the United States Congress

　　C. The governing of the federal district

　　D. The founding of Washington, D.C.

　　42. In 1790 a large part of the federal district was .

　　A. seashore B. village squares C. wilderness D. a flourishing port

　　43. It can be inferred from the passage that the item "Foggy Bottom" in the second paragraph refers to a section of Washington, D.C. that .

　　A. has the lowest population in the district

　　B. used to be the site of the national weather station

　　C. used to be mostly swampland

　　D. lies at the bottom of Mount Vernon

　　44. Which of the following conclusions about the federal district is supported by the passage?

　　A. George Washington's choice pleased almost everyone.

　　B. Mount Vernon was not chosen because it was too close to the river.

　　C. Congress was unable to agree on a location.

　　D. Congress did not believe that a home for the federal government was necessary.

　　Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:(57課，聆聽的誤區(qū)，有刪節(jié))

　　There are several ways of listening that net us nothing but trouble, according to Dr. Ralph Nichols of the University of Minnesota. If we recognize and try to conquer them, we can step up our listening ability by about twenty-five percent and thereby greatly increase our chances for success in our daily lives.

　　Unless you are very unusual indeed, says Dr. Nichols, you must plead guilty to several of the following bad listening habits:

　　Daydream Listening: You can think about four times as fast as the average person speaks. So you have quite a bit of spare thinking time while waiting for the words to come in. Unconsciously, you use this time, if you are a poor listener, to let your thoughts drift elsewhere.

　　For instance, your teacher is giving you some background material on American history. Your mind is with him at first. Then other thoughts drift into that spare thinking space. Without warning, they have taken over your mind entirely.. I mustn't forget to go downtown after school for Mother. If only my bike was fixed! Maybe I can get Joe to come over Saturday and help me.. Your thoughts drift on. Suddenly, with a jolt, you hear these words: "Now we'll have a little test on what I have been explaining." Ouch!

　　So what to do to keep daydreams from filtering in? One way is to put that extra thinking time to work―on the subject. Sum up what the speaker is saying; look for major points. Pretend you are going to have to repeat his ideas. Put his words into your words. It isn't easy. It takes effort and time to learn. But the results are sure to surprise and please you.

　　"That's-What-You-Think" Listening: You have your own pet ideas on certain subjects. You don't like to hear anything which might make you question them. So when anyone begins arguing on the other side, you simply stop listening. Instead you plan what you are going to answer. Anyone who refuses too often to listen to the other side of a question risks becoming narrow-minded―an exasperating and unattractive trait in the other fellow. Is it any more becoming to you? No thanks, you say, and decide to hear the other fellow out. Maybe he is right. Maybe you are. But you can give him a better argument on your viewpoint if you hear what he says.

　　Half-An-Ear Listening: Often other sounds compete for your attention―and win. Your father gives you a list of errands. But his voice must compete with, say, your favorite song on the radio. Later, you find that half an ear wasn't enough. You didn't listen to your father's words closely enough to hear and remember them. You have to telephone home for a repeat performance. And you can't really blame your father for being irritated. Better to turn off the radio, shut the door on competing noises, if possible. If not, guard against your tendency to listen to distracting sounds.

　　So there are the forces―some within ourselves, some outside―that work against us in our efforts to listen. But once we learn what they are and how to fight them, we are well on our way to getting rid of wasteful listening habits.

　　45. From this piece we learn that .

　　A. there is a difference between heating and listening

　　B. listening requires little skill

　　C. deafness is much more common than most people suppose

　　D. it is easier to listen alone than in a group

　　46. Poor listening can be attributed to __ _.

　　A. faults within ourselves

　　B. bad habits

　　C. distracting outside influences

　　D. all of the above

　　47. Because thought is faster than speech ___ .

　　A. we know what the speaker will say

　　B. we have time to formulate arguments

　　C. we should avoid letting our minds wander aimlessly ahead

　　D. it is best to have a speaker who talks very fast

　　48. Listening is often difficult when ___ .

　　A. the speaker argues against your pet ideas

　　B. the speaker's voice is poor

　　C. you do not watch the speaker

　　D. the room is poorly ventilated

　　Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:(55課，為什么要勘探南極，有刪節(jié))

　　Antarctica is a very large area of the earth's surface, but―until recent years―was the least studied. More knowledge of it is important for all mankind.

　　Antarctica seems a vast basin of rock, filled and overflowing with a load of ice. In all this barrenness and cold, what is there of value?

　　First, Antarctica is bound to have mineral resources comparable to those of other great continents. Coal―much of it of poor quality―has been found at many points along the 2,000 mile mountain system known as the Great Antarctica Horst. A writer has found a small deposit of manganese ore and rock specimens flecked with uranium or stained green by copper. These finds are important only as indications that further exploration would be worthwhile, and such a systematic effort has begun under SCAR (the Special Committee on Antarctic Research). This group is an outgrowth of the International Geophysical Year (I.G.Y.); but its program has broadened from geophysics to include mapping and biology.

　　There are other possible economic values. Several intercontinental air routes lie across portions of Antarctica. Strange antibiotics have been found in the drifting plants of the Antarctic seas; the Russians are reported to be carrying in live herring to be dumped overboard in an attempt at sea "farming."

　　But for the immediate future the great value of Antarctica may lie in other lines of research―from the common cold to problems of outer space. The former is under scrutiny at a biological laboratory at McMurdo Sound, where clues to certain viruses are being sought in the study of epidemics among the utterly isolated members of scientific parties.

　　As to space research, there is no place on earth better suited than the South Pole for certain kinds of observation. Here is a firmly fixed point, in contrast to the drifting floes that cover the North Pole; from it all directions are north, and during the six months of darkness the stars circle around a point directly overhead. The United States established an observatory there in 1957 for the I.G.Y. and has maintained it ever since.

　　Now it is an ideal space tracking station. Any vehicle on a mission in the southern half of the heavens remains continuously "visible" to an antenna at the pole. Such a station is also able to play a unique role in interrogating earth satellites in orbit over both poles.

　　Such satellites―maintaining their steady sweeps as the earth revolves beneath them―cover all parts of the globe and hence are ideal for weather observation, communications and other tasks. The South Pole would be the check point on each circuit, snatching the data from space, processing them in computers within seconds and relaying them to the rest of the world.

　　On all these counts, the scientists justify their voyages to Antarctica and the vast sums needed. But essentially their argument is a simple one. The great continent to the south is still largely unknown. In the quest for fundamental knowledge, which is the heart and soul so all science, it cannot be ignored.

　　49. A laboratory at McMurdo Sound is making a study of .

　　A. the common cold

　　B. plant life in the Antarctic

　　C. man's adaptability to extreme cold

　　D. sea life

　　50. Antarctic's mineral resources are best described as .

　　A. of low quality

　　B. uncertain but potentially important

　　C. vital to world energy needs

　　D. non-existent

　　51. As a spot radar antennae might be effective, Antarctic is important because .

　　A. there is plenty of fuel to make the electricity needed to operate radar

　　B. in the cold, clear air, metal would not rust

　　C. a scanning station at the South Pole could cover the whole southern hemisphere

　　D. the cold, clear air would help radar see clearly

　　52. To a scientist the main reason for exploring the Antarctic is .

　　A. the fact that we know little about it

　　B. the fact that it has many unusual features

　　C. the benefits to mankind

　　D. the opportunity to study the weather

　　Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:

　　Ryerson Machine Tool Guarantee

　　This guarantee covers all Ryerson industrial tools.

　　Dates of Coverage: All Ryerson industrial tools are guaranteed for 5 years from the date of receipt at the customer's factory or industrial facility.

　　Type of Coverage: This guarantee covers all major tool failures clearly attributable to tool design or construction, and not ordinary wear and tear. This coverage also does not ordinarily encountered in industrial processes.

　　Coverage Cancellation: This guarantee plan will be canceled in the case of fraud or misrepresentation by the customer. The notification of cancellation will be sent to the customer's e-mail provided at the time of purchase.

　　Coverage Alteration: This coverage may be altered in the future as new product lines are introduced, or upgrades are introduced to existing product lines.

　　Notice of any alteration will be submitted to all customers by e-mail.

　　Coverage adjustment Notice:

　　Ryerson Machine Tool Guarantee

　　This supplementary notice is for all customers who have purchased Ryerson machine tools within the last two years.

　　Adjustment: Recently, our firm has decided to end sales of the CV210 precision cutting tool in use in many of our customer's factories. Guarantees for these tools will end 90 days from the date of this notice.

　　Discounts: Customers desiring to upgrade to our new CV211 precision tool as a replacement for the CV210 are eligible for 15% discounts for a period of 90 days from the date of this notice.

　　Customers Continuing with CV210: Customers can elect to remain with the CV210, but will have to operate the tool without coverage from Ryerson.

　　53. For whom is both information and notice intended?

　　A. Potential customers

　　B. Suppliers of industrial tools

　　C. Manufactures of electronic components

　　D. Purchasers of industrial devices

　　54. Which kind of coverage is NOT provided?

　　A. Use of the machine tools in conjunction with competitor products.

　　B. Failure due to design specifications of the manufacture.

　　C. Use of the tools in extraordinary production environments.

　　D. Failure to notify the manufacture of a flaw within 90 days.

　　55. What is one of the reasons for issuing the supplementary notice?

　　A. Ryerson is offering newer versions of an existing model.

　　B. New customers may advance order a new product online.

　　C. Ryerson has decided to end sales of the CV211 precision cutting tool.

　　D. All customers will receive 15% discounts for a certain period.

　　56. What will happen to users of the CV210 in the future?

　　A. They may not have access to Ryerson technical and industrial information.

　　B. They will not be able to use the tool because of its frequent failures.

　　C. They may not receive information about further upgrades.

　　D. They may continue to have it serviced for payments.

　　Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:

　　I don't know how I became a writer, but I think it was of a certain force in me that I had to write. And that force finally burst through and found a channel. My people were of the working class. My father, a stone-cutter, was a man with a great respect for literature. He had a tremendous memory, and he loved poetry. The poetry that he loved best was naturally of the rhetorical kind. Nevertheless it was good poetry--Hamlet's soliloquy, Macbeth, Mark Antony's "Funeral Oration", Grey's "Elegy", and all the rest of it. I heard it all as a child; I memorized and learned it all.

　　He sent me to the state university.

　　The desire to write, which had been strong during all my days in high school, grew stronger still. I was editor of the college paper, the college magazine, etc., and in my last year or two I was a member of a course in playwriting which had just been established. I wrote several little one act plays, still thinking I would become a lawyer of a newspaper man, never daring to believe I could seriously become a writer. Then I went to Harvard, wrote some more plays, starting to think that I had to be a playwright. After leaving Harvard, I had my plays rejected. And finally in the autumn of 1926, I had a moment of literary inspiration that drove me forward to dedicate my life to writing. But I have never exactly been able to determine all these questions like how, why, or in what manner. Probably the force in me that had to write at last sought out its channel. I began to write my first book in London. I was living all alone at that time. I had two rooms--a bed room and a sitting room in a little square in Chelsea in which all the houses had that familiar, smoked brick and cream-yellow-plaster look.

　　57. We may conclude, in regard to the author's development as a writer, father .

　　A. opposed his becoming a writer

　　B. made an important contribution

　　C. insisted that he choose writing as a career

　　D. insisted that he read Hamlet in order to learn how to be a writer

　　58. The author believes that he became a writer mostly because of .

　　A. his special talent

　　B. his study at Harvard

　　C. a hidden urge within him

　　D. his father's teaching and encouragement

　　59. The author .

　　A. went to Harvard to learn to write plays

　　B. worked as a newspaper man before becoming a writer

　　C. began to think of becoming a writer at Harvard

　　D. had always been successful in his writing career

　　60. The author really started on his way to become a writer .

　　A. when he lived in London

　　B. after he entered college

　　C. when he was in high school

　　D. when he was studying at Harvard

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