2021年商務(wù)英語(yǔ)高級(jí)閱讀試題（17）

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Human resource management

It is nearly a century since the car manufacturer HenryFord said, 'You can destroy my factories and offices, but giveme my people and I will build the business right back upagain.'(0) .....G..... But a few business theorists are beginning toargue that managing people well can add more to the bottomline than anything else.

Mike Manzotti, a leading American author in this area, has strong views about the growingimportance of human resources in today's business world. (8) .............. A company with high staffcommitment, for example, has an asset that its rivals find hard to copy.

Research in Britain would appear to support this notion. A recent business school survey intothe performance of eight multinationals found that people management could be the most decisivefactor in a company's performance. Another study indicated the same thing in medium-sizedmanufacturing firms. (9) .............. After all, how can an organisation evaluate the commitment ofits staff?

For this reason, the researcher George Hessenberg argues that a scientific approach is needed.He feels that when HR professionals suggest changing an organisation's compensation structure orbeing more selective in recruiting, they are asking for things that require resources. (10)............

Some new approaches are emerging that attempt to do just that, including the schemedevised by consultants Couze Jordan. The scheme, which covers communication, recruitment,and use of resources, predicts that significant improvements in these areas achieve an increase inshareholder value of up to 30 per cent.

Another programme, launched by James Lester, an independent human resources expert,approaches the problem from a perspective that is designed to appeal to a wide range ofmanagers. (11)..............Both, he argues, involve appropriate decisions being made about theallocation of resources within a particular budget.

Lester's expertise enables him to carry out an organisational audit for his clients to identifywhich areas of HR are in most need of improvement. This is because there is no point in businessesspending large amounts without knowing if the investment is worthwhile. (12) ............. Lester'sadvice, however, is for companies to think twice before hiring people, since it is vital they assesswhether they are getting value for money.

A But the findings are inconclusive because of the difficulty of collecting reliable evidence.

B He argues that the role of a skilled, motivated and flexible workforce has become moresignificant as traditional sources of competitive advantage diminish.

C For example, a common mistake is to spend a fortune on recruitment to cover up fordeficiencies in training.

D However, most leading experts in the field believe that there is sufficient evidence to supportthis model of workplace dynamics.

E He compares the positive use of human resources to effective fund management, as this issomething that senior executives can relate to.

F He believes, however, that the only way they will gain approval for these potentiallyexpensive initiatives is to have some data that demonstrates positive financial benefits.

G In the light of this statement, it is odd that people management has taken so many years tomove up the agenda.

參考答案及解析

《Human resource management》，人力資源管理。顧名思義，文章講的是人對(duì)于企業(yè)的重要性，以亨利•福特的名言開(kāi)頭，列舉了一系列專家對(duì)人力資源管理的看法。

第八題，這一段是列舉了一個(gè)作家對(duì)人力資源重要性的看法。空格前面說(shuō)這個(gè)人認(rèn)為人力資源在當(dāng)今的商業(yè)世界有著越來(lái)越重要的作用?？崭窈竺媸桥e例說(shuō)明有著高度員工認(rèn)同感的公司是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手很難超越的。所以第八空還是講的人力資源的重要。所以選B：傳統(tǒng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)已經(jīng)減弱，有技術(shù)的、有動(dòng)力的、有彈性的員工的作用變得越來(lái)越重要。

第九題，前面是列舉幾個(gè)調(diào)查結(jié)果來(lái)支撐上一段的觀點(diǎn)：人力資源很重要。后面一個(gè)after all，問(wèn)到怎么才能評(píng)估員工對(duì)公司的忠誠(chéng)度呢?從after all可以看出第九空有點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)折。人力資源雖然重要，但是員工對(duì)公司的忠誠(chéng)度是無(wú)法衡量的。第九空應(yīng)該選B：收集可信證據(jù)的困難，使得調(diào)查結(jié)果的不確定性。這里的findings就是對(duì)應(yīng)的前面的survey和study，but是個(gè)關(guān)鍵的詞。

第十題，這一空要和下一段聯(lián)系起來(lái)選答案。這一空的前面說(shuō)，當(dāng)HR專家建議改變公司的補(bǔ)償結(jié)構(gòu)或者是在招人時(shí)更有選擇性一些，他們是在要求需要資源的事情。(意思是需要成本的，不是那么簡(jiǎn)單容易的)，接著下面一段就說(shuō)為了達(dá)成這些要求，一些新的方法涌現(xiàn)出來(lái)。新的方案預(yù)測(cè)這些地方的改進(jìn)能夠給股東帶來(lái)30%的增加收益。前面一個(gè)成本，后面一個(gè)收益，說(shuō)白了，就是錢，這才是最根本的東西。專家雖然給出了建議，但是這些建議必須能保證帶來(lái)利益，才會(huì)得到支持。所以選F，financial benefits是關(guān)鍵詞。

第十一題，后面的both很關(guān)鍵，說(shuō)兩者都涉及到合適的決定。那么第十一空應(yīng)該是兩件事情在做對(duì)比，找出了共性。選E：將人力資源的積極用處和有效的基金管理做對(duì)比。Compare是關(guān)鍵詞。

第十二題，最后一段講的就是人力資源的回報(bào)問(wèn)題。投入的資源必須得有收獲才行。12空前面說(shuō)投入巨大但不知投資是否值得，這樣是沒(méi)有意義的?？崭窈竺鎰t是根據(jù)這個(gè)問(wèn)題給出的意見(jiàn)：招人需謹(jǐn)慎?？梢?jiàn)12空還是和招人的投入有關(guān)。并且是負(fù)面的，所以才有了后面的advice。選C：一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤是將錢花費(fèi)在招人上來(lái)彌補(bǔ)培訓(xùn)的不足。一個(gè)mistake，一個(gè)recruitment，都是信號(hào)。

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