銆€銆€銆愯珫鏂囬棞(gu膩n)閸佃銆戠劍榛�(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙;鐭湡鍜ㄨ蹇冪悊鍜ㄨ;鍜ㄨ鎶€琛�(sh霉);骞查爯(y霉)妯″紡

銆€銆€鐒﹂粸(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ(SFBC)鏄繎骞翠締(l谩i)褰㈡垚骞跺湪涓栫晫鑼冨湇杩呴€熷礇璧风殑涓€鍊�(g猫)鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｆ€濇疆涓嬬殑鐭湡鍜ㄨ瀛�(xu茅)娲撅紝鐢眃e Shazer鍜孖nsoo Berg澶│鍙婂叾鍚屼簨鍦∕llwaukee鐭湡瀹跺涵娌荤檪涓績锛屽緸鐪熷(sh铆)鐨勫挩瑭㈡儏澧冧腑瑙€瀵熸帹婕旇€岀櫦(f膩)灞曞嚭渚�(l谩i)鐨勬ā寮�銆傞€欑ó鍜ㄨ妯″紡鑸囧偝绲�(t菕ng)鍜ㄨ妯″紡涓嶅悓锛屾妸鐒﹂粸(di菐n)鏀惧湪鍟�(w猫n)椤屼笉鐧�(f膩)鐢熺殑鐙€娉�锛屽氨鍍忎竴鍊�(g猫)鈥滈櫚闄�(y谩ng)澶サ榄�(y煤)褰㈠湒鈥濓紝鍌崇当(t菕ng)鍜ㄨ闂�(gu膩n)娉ㄩ粦鐨勫晱(w猫n)椤岄儴鍒�锛岃€孲FBC鐨勫仛娉曟槸寰炵櫧鐨勯儴鍒�?j菒n)U灞�锛岀敱浜庢暣鍊�(g猫)绯荤当(t菕ng)鏄钩琛＄殑锛屼竴鏃︾櫧鐨勯儴鍒�?j菒n)U澶�锛岄粦鐨勯儴鍒嗗氨娓涘皯锛屽緸鑰屼娇鏁村€�(g猫)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬敼璁婄櫦(f膩)鐢熴€傛鍜ㄨ妯″紡灏囦汉瑕栫偤涓€鍊�(g猫)绯荤当(t菕ng)锛岀洝鍙兘璁撲締(l谩i)瑷€呯湅鍒拌嚜宸辨鍚戠殑涓€闈�锛屾憭闄よ矤(f霉)鍚戠殑閮ㄥ垎銆�

銆€銆€1 鐒﹂粸(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鐨勫熀鏈悊蹇�

銆€銆€Berg&Miller(1992)浠ュ強Walter&Peller(1992)鎸囧嚭鐒﹂粸(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鐨勫熀鏈悊蹇靛涓媅1]锛� (1)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呮搧鏈夎В姹鸿嚜宸�?ji菐n)鏍磢鐨勫姏閲忓拰璩囨簮銆�(2)鏀硅畩鏄笉鍙伩鍏嶇殑锛岃€屼笖鏈�(hu矛)鎸佺簩(x霉)涓嶆柗鍦扮櫦(f膩)鐢熴€�(3)灏忕殑鏀硅畩甯跺嫊(d貌ng)澶х殑鏀硅畩銆傚皬鐨勬垚鍔熺稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鏈�(hu矛)寮曠櫦(f膩)婕ｆ吉鏁堟噳(y墨ng)锛屽紩璧锋暣鍊�(g猫)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勬敼璁娿€�(4)姣忓€�(g猫)鍟�(w猫n)椤岄兘鏈変緥澶�锛屽晱(w猫n)椤岀殑渚嬪鍙互鐢卞挩瑭㈠斧鍜屼締(l谩i)瑷€呭叡鍚岀⒑瑾�(r猫n)锛岄€欎簺渚嬪鍙互鐢ㄤ締(l谩i)寤虹珛瑙ｆ焙鏂规硶銆傞紦鍕�(l矛)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呭仛榛�(di菐n)涓嶄竴妯ｇ殑鍢楄│锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)閲囧彇琛屽嫊(d貌ng)鑰屼笉鏄嵅寰楅牁(l菒ng)鎮熸垨鎯呯窉鎶掔櫦(f膩)銆�(5)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呮槸鍙互鍚堜綔鐨�銆傜暥(d膩ng)鍜ㄨ甯簡瑙ｄ締(l谩i)瑷€呯殑鎯虫硶锛岃€屼笖渚濈収渚�(l谩i)瑷€呯殑鎯虫硶鑸囦箣浜掑嫊(d貌ng)锛岄偅涔堝悎浣滃氨鍙互鑷劧鑰岀劧鍦扮敘(ch菐n)鐢�锛�(6)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呮槸浠栬嚜宸�?ji菐n)鏍磢鐨勮€佸斧锛岃€屽挩瑭㈠斧鏄敼璁婇亷(gu貌)绋嬬殑鑰佸斧銆傚挩瑭㈠斧鎺ュ彈涓斿湪渚�(l谩i)瑷€呯殑鍙冪収鏋舵(g貌u)鍏�(n猫i)锛屾湞鍚戜締(l谩i)瑷€呯殑鐩(bi膩o)锛屽崝(xi茅)鍔╀締(l谩i)瑷€呯櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)浠栬嚜宸�?ji菐n)鏍磢鐨勮В姹烘柟娉�銆�

銆€銆€鏍规摎(j霉)涓婅堪瑙€榛�(di菐n)锛岃〃鏄庣劍榛�(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鏄竴绋潪鍟�(w猫n)椤屽皫(d菐o)鍚戠殑鍜ㄨ?n猫i)鈭犻锛掆拕J(r猫n)鐐轰締(l谩i)瑷€呬締(l谩i)鍒板挩瑭㈠骞朵笉鏄付钁楀晱(w猫n)椤屼締(l谩i)灏嬫眰鍗�(xi茅)鍔�锛岃€屾槸宸茬稉(j墨ng)甯惰憲瑙ｆ焙鏂规硶锛屽彧鏄渶瑕佹湁琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鐨勬(j墨)鏈�(hu矛)銆傜劍榛�(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鑸囬亷(gu貌)鍘诲挩瑭㈡湁钁楁埅鐒朵笉鍚岀殑瑙€榛�(di菐n)锛屽洜姝ゅ皪(du矛)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呯殑浠嬪叆鍜岃檿鐞嗕篃涓嶇浉鍚孾2]銆�

銆€銆€1.1 鐒﹂粸(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ妯″紡(1)涓嶅挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)瑷烘柗锛岃憲閲嶄簬瑙ｆ焙;(2)鏈締(l谩i)灏�(d菐o)鍚�;(3)瑕栧挩瑭㈠斧鐐哄偓鍖栬€呫€佸崝(xi茅)鍔╄€�銆佹暀灏�(d菐o)鑰�;(4)寤虹珛鍔涢噺(閬�(gu貌)鍘荤殑鎴愬姛缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n));(5)瑙ｆ焙鍟�(w猫n)椤屾墍鐢ㄧ殑鏅�(sh铆)闁撳苟涓嶄互鍟�(w猫n)椤屽京(f霉)闆滄€ц€屽畾;(6)浠ヨ獮(y菙)瑷€鐨勯噸鏂板缓妲�(g貌u)渚�(l谩i)淇冧娇鏀硅畩銆�

銆€銆€1.2鍌崇当(t菕ng)鍜ㄨ妯″紡(1)寮�(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)瑷烘柗锛岃憲閲嶅湪鍟�(w猫n)椤�;(2)閬�(gu貌)鍘诲皫(d菐o)鍚�;(3)瑕栧挩瑭㈠斧鐐鸿€佸斧;(4)鐧�(f膩)灞曟柊琛岀偤;(5)瑙ｆ焙鍟�(w猫n)椤屾墍鐢ㄧ殑鏅�(sh铆)闁撲互鍟�(w猫n)椤岀殑寰�(f霉)闆滄€ц€屽畾;(6)浠ラ噸鏂扮嵅寰楁柊缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鐐哄吀鍨嬫敼璁婄殑鏂规硶銆�

銆€銆€鏃㈠線蹇冪悊鍜ㄨ鐨勭劍榛�(di菐n)闆嗕腑鍦ㄥ皪(du矛)鐥呯悊鍥犵礌鐨勬帰瑷�锛岃純灏戦棞(gu膩n)娉ㄥ€�(g猫)妗堣嚜韬挤(qi谩ng)搴�(esrtngth)鎴栨姉澹撹兘鍔涚殑寤烘(g貌u) (Hofaday&Mcphearosn锛�1997)銆俁utter(1987)鎸囧嚭鈥滄垜鍊戦渶瑕佸幓浜嗚В鐐轰粈涔堝拰濡備綍浣夸竴鍊�(g猫)浜鸿兘娲诲緱鑷皧鍜屽厖婊胯嚜鎴戞晥鑳�锛岄倓瑕佷簡瑙ｆ槸浠€涔堝師鍥犱娇鍊�(g猫)浜烘斁妫勫笇鏈涒€濄€傝€孊(ni菐o)udmna鍜孏urman(1988)涔熶竴鍐�?g貌u)?qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)锛屽緸鎸晽缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)涓壘鍑鸿В姹烘柟娉曚粛鏄尗鏁楃稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)锛岄€欎簺璜栭粸(di菐n)涓€閲濊(ji脿n)琛€鍦伴亾鍑轰簡浠ョ梾鐞嗙偤鍩虹(ch菙)鐨勫挩瑭㈡ā寮忕殑鐩查粸(di菐n)銆傚洜姝�锛屽績鐞嗗挩瑭㈢殑鐩殑骞朵笉鏄秷妤靛湴鍗�(xi茅)鍔╀締(l谩i)瑷€呪€滅梾鐧ョ殑娑堥櫎鈥�锛屽缓绔嬪仴搴风殑鍊�(g猫)浜轰繚璀�(h霉)姗�(j墨)鍒�锛屾彁楂樿嚜鎴戞晥鑳斤紝鎵嶆槸蹇冪悊鍜ㄨ鐨勪富瑕佺洰鐨�銆�

銆€銆€2 鐒﹂粸(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鐨勫熀鏈妧琛�(sh霉)

銆€銆€鐒﹂粸(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鎶€琛�(sh霉)鍗佸垎璞愬瘜锛岄€欎簺鎶€琛�(sh霉)鏄痙e Shazer鍙婂叾鍚屼簨鍦ㄥ挩瑭㈠(sh铆)韪愮稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)涓摲鍙栫殑銆傜劍榛�(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鎶€琛�(sh霉)鏈€鏈夌壒鑹茬殑鍦版柟鍦ㄤ簬鍜ㄨ甯殑鍟�(w猫n)鍙ワ紝閫欎竴绯诲垪鐨勮鍟�(w猫n)灏�(du矛)瑭变富瑕佹槸鍗�(xi茅)鍔╁€�(g猫)妗堟帰瑷庢敼璁婄殑鍙兘绶氱储锛屽苟鏀硅畩鍊�(g猫)妗堢殑鐭ヨ(ju茅)銆佽鐐�銆佺稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鍙婂垽鏂�?锛孎(xi脿n)灏囧咕鍊�(g猫)涓昏鐨勭劍榛�(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鎶€琛�(sh霉)鏁寸悊濡備笅銆�

銆€銆€2.1 鍋囪ō(sh猫)瑙ｆ焙鍟�(w猫n)鍙�(hypothetical solution)鐣�(d膩ng)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呭緢闆ｇ敤姝ｅ悜鐨勮搴︾湅鍟�(w猫n)椤岋紝涓嶆槗鎯冲埌姝ｅ悜鐩(bi膩o)鏅�(sh铆)鎴栨槸鎵句笉鍒颁緥澶栨檪(sh铆)锛屽挩瑭㈠斧缍�(j墨ng)甯告渻(hu矛)浣跨敤鍋囪ō(sh猫)瑙ｆ焙鍟�(w猫n)鍙ワ紝閭€璜�(q菒ng)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呭幓鎯宠薄鍟�(w猫n)椤屼笉鍐嶅瓨鍦ㄦ檪(sh铆)鏈�(hu矛)鏈変粈涔堜笉鍚�锛岄€�(j矛n)鑰屽壍(chu脿ng)閫犲嚭閬╃敤鐨勮В姹轰箣閬�銆傞€欓(l猫i)鍟�(w猫n)鍙ュ挤(qi谩ng)鐑堟殫绀轰締(l谩i)瑷€呭晱(w猫n)椤屾槸鑳介€氶亷(gu貌)鑷繁鐨勫姫鍔涗締(l谩i)瑙ｆ焙鐨�銆傚亣瑷�(sh猫)瑙ｆ焙鍟�(w猫n)鍙ュ寘鎷按鏅剁悆鍟�(w猫n)鍙�銆佸璺¤鍟�(w猫n)銆佹摤浜哄寲鍟�(w猫n)鍙ョ瓑銆備緥濡傦細鈥滃鏋滄湁涓€鍊�(g猫)姘存櫠鐞�锛屽彲浠ョ湅鍒颁綘鏈締(l谩i)浜斿勾鍚庣殑鑱锋キ(y猫)鐢熸动锛屼綘鎯充綘鏈�(hu矛)鐪嬪埌浠€涔�?鈥�;鈥滃鏋滄湁涓€澶╂櫄涓�锛岀暥(d膩ng)浣犵潯钁楃殑鏅�(sh铆)鍊�锛屽璺＄櫦(f膩)鐢熶簡锛屽晱(w猫n)椤岃В姹轰簡锛岀浜屽ぉ鏃╀笂閱掍締(l谩i)鐨勬檪(sh铆)鍊欙紝浣犲浣曞緱鐭ラ€欏€�(g猫)濂囪贰鐨勭櫦(f膩)鐢�?鏄惁鏈変粈涔堜簨鎯呰畩寰椾笉涓€妯�?鈥�

銆€銆€2.2 鐩(bi膩o)鏋舵(g貌u)(goal setting)鍜ㄨ甯€氶亷(gu貌)闋�(y霉)瑷�(sh猫)鎬у晱(w猫n)鍙ヤ締(l谩i)褰㈡垚渚�(l谩i)瑷€呭挩瑭㈢殑鐩(bi膩o)銆備絾鏄€欏€�(g猫)鐩(bi膩o)鏄締(l谩i)瑷€呮兂瑕佺殑鐩(bi膩o)鑰屼笉鏄挩瑭㈠斧瑾�(r猫n)鐐轰粬鈥滄噳(y墨ng)瑭测€濊鐨勭洰妯�(bi膩o)銆傚叾鐩殑鏄崝(xi茅)鍔╀締(l谩i)瑷€呮緞娓呭挩瑭㈢殑鐩(bi膩o)锛屽公鍔╀締(l谩i)瑷€呰ō(sh猫)绔嬬鍚堣壇濂藉舰寮忕殑鐩(bi膩o)銆傛墍璎傝壇濂界殑鍜ㄨ鐩(bi膩o)鏄寚:鍜ㄨ鐩(bi膩o)鏄締(l谩i)瑷€呮兂瑕佺殑銆佸皪(du矛)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呮槸閲嶈鐨勭洰妯�(bi膩o)銆佷互鈥滄鍚戔€濈殑瑾�(y菙)瑷€鏁樿堪鐨勩€佹槸鍒囧(sh铆)鍙鐨�銆佹弿杩版槸鐩″彲鑳芥槑纰哄叿楂旂殑锛岃€屼笖鏄渶瑕佷締(l谩i)瑷€呰姳蹇冨姏渚�(l谩i)瀹屾垚鐨勭洰妯�(bi膩o)銆備緥濡傦細鈥滅暥(d膩ng)浣犲拰鐖惰Κ鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯绘湁鎵€鏀瑰杽鐨勬檪(sh铆)鍊�锛屼綘鎯充綘绗竴鍊�(g猫)鏈�(hu矛)鍋氬嚭鐨勭敓娲绘敼璁婃槸浠€涔�?鈥�

銆€銆€2.3 渚嬪瑭㈠晱(w猫n)(exception question)鐣�(d膩ng)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呰檿浜庡晱(w猫n)椤屾垨鐩(bi膩o)鎻忚堪鏅�(sh铆)锛屽父鏈�(hu矛)灏囨敞鎰忓姏鏀惧湪鍟�(w猫n)椤屾垨鍥版摼鐧�(f膩)鐢熺殑鏅�(sh铆)鍊�锛屽挩瑭㈠斧鍗�(xi茅)鍔╀締(l谩i)瑷€呮壘鍑轰緥澶�锛屽紩灏�(d菐o)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呮€濊€冨晱(w猫n)椤屼篃鏈変笉瀛樺湪鎴栨槸鏇剧稉(j墨ng)琚В姹虹殑

銆€銆€鍊欙紝鐢辨妲�(g貌u)寤哄嚭瑙ｆ焙鐨勬柟娉曘€傛彁绀哄€�(g猫)妗堟湰韬叿鏈夊晱(w猫n)椤岃В姹虹殑鑳藉姏鍜屾彁鍗囪嚜鎴戞晥鑳芥劅銆備緥濡�:鈥滃墰鎵嶄綘鎻愬埌鏈夋檪(sh铆)鍊欎綘涔熸瘮杓冨枩姝′綘鐨勫皥(zhu膩n)妤�(y猫)锛屽湪瑾插爞涓婁笉鐫¤(ju茅)锛岄偅鏄湪浠€鏅�(sh铆)鍊�?鐣�(d膩ng)鏅�(sh铆)鐧�(f膩)鐢熶簡浠€涔堜簨?鎴栨槸浣犲仛浜嗕粈涔堣畵浣犺兘姣旇純瑾�(r猫n)鐪熷湴鑱�(t墨ng)瑾�?鈥�

銆€銆€2.4 瑭�(p铆ng)鍒嗗晱(w猫n)鍙�(scaling question)瑭�(p铆ng)鍒嗗晱(w猫n)鍙ユ槸浠�1锝�10鐨勬暩(sh霉)瀛楄珛(q菒ng)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呭皪(du矛)鍟�(w猫n)椤屾垨鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹�(濡傛敼璁婄殑姹哄績绋嬪害)鍋氬嚭瑭�(p铆ng)浼帮紝鈥�1鈥濅唬琛ㄥ晱(w猫n)椤屾渶绯熺殑鎯呮硜锛屸€�10鈥濅唬琛ㄤ締(l谩i)瑷€呮渶鏈熷緟鐧�(f膩)鐢熺殑鐩(bi膩o)銆傚湪瀵�(sh铆)鏂介亷(gu貌)绋嬩腑锛屽挤(qi谩ng)瑾�(di脿o)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呭凡缍�(j墨ng)鍋氬埌鐨勯儴鍒�銆傝⿻(p铆ng)鍒嗗晱(w猫n)鍙ョ殑鍎�(y艒u)榛�(di菐n)鍦ㄤ簬锛屽皣鎵€瀹氱殑鐩(bi膩o)鍙婅鍕�(d貌ng)浠ラ噺鍖栫殑鏂瑰紡鍛堢従(xi脿n)锛屽皣鏀硅畩鐨勮铂(z茅)浠诲強閫�(j矛n)姝ョ殑瑭�(p铆ng)浼版斁鍦ㄤ締(l谩i)瑷€呬笂锛屽寮�(qi谩ng)鍏惰嚜鎴戞晥鑳姐€備緥濡傦細鈥滃鏋滀互1锝�10鍒嗕締(l谩i)琛ㄧず锛�1浠ｈ〃瀹屽叏娌�(m茅i)鏈夋敼璁婏紝10浠ｈ〃宸茬稉(j墨ng)閬�(d谩)鍒颁綘鐨勭洰妯�(bi膩o)锛屼綘瑕�(ju茅)寰椾綘鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄧ殑鏀硅畩鎯呮硜鍦ㄥ咕鍒嗙殑妯ｅ瓙?浣犳槸濡備綍鍋氬埌鐨�?鈥�

銆€銆€2.5 鍥犳噳(y墨ng)瑭㈠晱(w猫n)(coping question)鍌崇当(t菕ng)鐨勫挩瑭㈠彧闂�(gu膩n)娉ㄤ締(l谩i)瑷€呰嚜宸�锛屼笉闂�(gu膩n)娉ㄤ締(l谩i)瑷€呭拰鍏朵粬浜虹殑浜掑嫊(d貌ng)闂�(gu膩n)绯�銆傜劍榛�(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ瑾�(r猫n)鐐猴紝姣忓€�(g猫)浜洪兘鏄湪绀炬渻(hu矛)鎯呭(social content)涓殑锛屼竴鍊�(g猫)浜虹殑琛岀偤鑲畾鑸囨煇鍊�(g猫)鎯呭(鎴栦汉)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)绯�銆傞棞(gu膩n)绯昏鍟�(w猫n)鏄寚瑭㈠晱(w猫n)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呴棞(gu膩n)浜庝粬浜哄皪(du矛)浠�銆佸皪(du矛)浜嬩欢鎴�?q奴)蟿璇熸窎鍏婄洰璧¤姼鎹�?(DeJohn&Berg锛�1998)[3]銆備緥濡傦細鈥滅暥(d膩ng)浣犵殑蹇冩儏濂戒竴榛�(di菐n)鐨勬檪(sh铆)鍊�锛屽垾浜�(鎴栦綘鐨勫ソ鏈嬪弸)鏈�(hu矛)娉ㄦ剰鍒颁綘鏈変粈涔堜笉涓€妯ｇ殑鍦版柟?鎴栧垾浜烘渻(hu矛)鐪嬪埌浣犲湪鍋氫粈涔�?鈥�

銆€銆€2.6 鎸ギ鎬ч紦鑸�(cheer ledaing)鐣�(d膩ng)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呴噰鍙栬鍕�(d貌ng)锛屾湁鎵€鏀硅畩鑸囪В姹哄晱(w猫n)椤屾檪(sh铆)锛屽挩瑭㈠斧甯镐娇鐢ㄩ€欓(l猫i)鎶€琛�(sh霉)锛屼互闇囧ギ銆佸枩鎮呯殑鑱茶(di脿o)銆佸嫊(d貌ng)浣溿€佽〃鎯呮垨鏂囧瓧渚�(l谩i)琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鍑哄皪(du矛)渚�(l谩i)瑷€呯殑鏀寔鑸囬紦鍕�(l矛)锛屽苟涓旈個渚�(l谩i)瑷€呴噸鏂版晿杩颁簨鎯呯櫦(f膩)鐢熺殑閬�(gu貌)绋�锛屽緸涓€鍊�(g猫)鏂扮殑瑙掑害鎵惧埌鏀硅畩鐧�(f膩)鐢熺殑閲嶈鎰忕京锛岃€屽挤(qi谩ng)鍖栦締(l谩i)瑷€呭収(n猫i)鍦ㄧ殑鍔涢噺銆備緥濡�:鈥滃墰鎵嶄綘鎻愬埌鏀硅畩鍏堝墠鐨勫伐浣滅繏(x铆)鎱ｏ紝鎴戠浉淇′綘涓€瀹氫笅浜嗗緢澶х殑姹哄績锛岄€欑湡寰堜笉瀹规槗!浣犳槸鎬庝箞鍏嬫湇閫欎簺闅滅鐨�?鈥�

銆€銆€3 鐒﹂粸(di菐n)瑙ｆ焙鐭湡鍜ㄨ鍦�(tu谩n)楂旇紨灏�(d菐o)

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