2013年自考英語(二)課文譯文:憤怒的種子

　　憤怒的種子

　　The world knows a great deal about apartheid. It knows it as a repressive political system which denies political representation to 14,000,000 South Africans because they are not white; it knows it as a divisive social system which keeps people apart, dividing them on colour lines and punishing those who try to cross these lines. But the effects of apartheid in terms of social behaviour and on cultural development are less well known.

　　全世界對種族隔離了解得很多。人人知道它是壓迫人的政治體制，這種體制剝奪了1 400萬南非人的政治權(quán)利，就因為他們不是白人。人們還知道它是制造分裂的社會制度，這種制度按膚色的界線把人們分開，并懲罰那些試圖越過這些界線的人。但種族隔離在社會行為方面及其對文化發(fā)展的影響人們還不太了解。

　　To understand the effects of apartheid it is necessary to think of the daily lives of the people and the ways in which their lives are regulated by apartheid.

　　要了解種族隔離的影響，我們有必要想一下人們的日常生活以及這種生活是如何受到種族隔離影響的。

　　It means standing for hours in a bus-queue, because there are too few buses specially set aside for black people; it means having to pass theatres and swimming pools with no thought of' ever entering them,, because they are set aside for white people, and because the restrictions extend to the thoughts people think, and because the laws apply to both black and white, it means that all people in South Africa are denied the right to read certain books because the government believes them to be subversive of its apartheid society.

　　它意味著要站幾個小時的隊等公共汽車，因為留給黑人乘坐的公共汽車太少了;它意味著經(jīng)過劇院和游泳池時，連進(jìn)去的想法都不能有，因為它們是專為白人服務(wù)的;因為這些限制深入了人們的思想中。還因為法律適用于白人，也適用于黑人，它意味著所有南非人被剝奪了看某些書籍的權(quán)利，因為政府相信這些書籍會顛覆種族隔離制度的社會。

　　Apartheid means that sportsmen like Basil D'Oliviera, Steve Makone, and Precious Mackenzie could never represent their own country because they were not white; that singers a and actors like MiriamMakeba and Lionel Ngamane would be restricted because of their colour to appearing in certain places and before certain audiences -- a coloured cast could perform Verdi's “La Traviata” but no non-whites could attend a performance before the State President.

　　種族隔離意味著像貝茲爾?戴里維爾拉、史蒂夫?麥肯齊這些運動員永遠(yuǎn)不能代表他們自己的國家，因為他們不是白人;像末里亞姆?馬齊巴、萊昂內(nèi)爾?思卡納一樣的歌手和演員會因他們的膚色而只能在某些地方和某些觀眾面前出現(xiàn)――一個有色人劇組可以上演威爾弟的茶花女，但任何非白人都不能先于國家總統(tǒng)觀看演出。

　　The list of restrictions is endless -- these are only a few small examples. But what they add up to is a division which breeds hostility. At sports events, if white and black are present, they support opposing sides and the result is friction -- so much so that in many grounds only whites are allowed.

　　這些限制是無限的。以上僅僅是幾個例子。但這就足以構(gòu)成滋生敵意的分界線。在運動場上，如果黑人和白人都在場，他們分別支持對方，結(jié)果就產(chǎn)生摩擦;摩擦的結(jié)果是只有白人能參加比賽。

　　It is illegal for white and black to play chess together. And whites whv tried to play football in a team with black members were prosecuted. And in a society where these ugly barriers exist, it is better to pretend that they are not there. The result is that the writers and poets of white South Africa are incapable of producing any work which truthfully reflects their society; and so deep has this kind of blindness entered that no work of any real worth has been produced in South Africa for many years.

　　白人和黑人一起下棋是非法的。試圖和黑人在一起踢球的白人會受到迫害。 在存在這些可惡的限制的社會里，假裝這些限制不存在會好一些。其結(jié)果是，南非的白人作家和詩人不能創(chuàng)作出任何真實反映社會的作品。這種視而不見的態(tài)度的影響是很深刻的，以至于多年來南非沒有創(chuàng)作出一部真正有價值的作品。

　　Perhaps one might expect the writers among the blacks, in a situation full of tension and pain, to produce works which live. But for them apartheid presents another problem; to be frank is to be banned. And so writers like Alex la Guma were silenced by banning orders, or others, like Alfred Hutchinson and Bloke Modisane fled the country. Fear Nat Nakasa the pledge he was required to sign -- to leave his country and never return proved too much; he committed suicide in New York.

　　或許，人們希望生活在充滿緊張和痛苦環(huán)境中的黑人作家能創(chuàng)作出流芳百世的作品，但隔離則給他們出了另一道難題：坦誠即遭禁止。所以，像亞力克斯?拉頓瑪這樣的作家被封上了嘴，其他的作家，像阿爾弗雷德?哈齊遜和布婁克?莫狄森則流亡到了國外。納特?納卡薩被迫簽字離開祖國，永不得返回，他無法承受，最后在紐約自殺身亡。

　　Even white writers -- Andre Brink, for instance -- who have dared to criticise, or appear to criticise, the apartheid society have suffered. I heir works have' been banned, or they have been savagely attacked by the official spokesmen of apartheid.

　　白人作家如安德烈?布林克斗膽批判或者好像在批判這個種族隔離的社會也遭到了迫害。要么作家被查禁，要么本人受到種族隔離制度的官方發(fā)言人的無禮攻擊。

　　The failure of writers to write, or of people to understand each other -- all these are indications of the deeper evil; the failure of communication. But what is little understood by the outside world is that this is a failure legislated for. It is a failure which has been carefully designed.

　　作家不能寫作，人民不能相互理解，這些都是深層次的可惡的表現(xiàn)：無法交流。但外界所不能理解的是：這是立法所致，是精心策劃所致。

　　It is the intention of those who have constructed the apartheid society, and who intend that it should last forever, that those who make up the society should be prevented from communicating with each other. Black and white must be cut off from each other, must be unable to communicate. It is on this division that apartheid rests This is the true meaning of apartheid. And it is this that inflicts the terrible wound on South African society.

　　創(chuàng)建種族隔離社會的人的意圖就是讓此社會長期存在，社會成員間禁止相互交流。黑人和白人必須互相隔絕，必須不能互相交流。種族隔離正是建立在這種分隔之上。這是種族隔離的真正含義。這正是南非社會遭受真正可怕創(chuàng)傷的原因。

　　But the real damage is in daily human relations. I have seen white children standing in one of the mixed buses rather than sit beside anyone who was not white and this seems to me so complete a rejection of another human person that it goes much further than the division and separation backed by law. From this kind of rejection comes a complete lack of any feeling of common humanity; the suffering of a human being ceases to be real because he has ceased to be a real human being.

　　但真正受損的是人們的日常關(guān)系。在一輛黑人、白人共乘的公共汽車上，我看到一些白人孩子們寧愿站著，也不坐在非白人的旁邊。在我看來，這似乎是對另一種族人的棄絕，比起依據(jù)法律才成立的分離和隔絕來，它的影響更大，這種棄絕造成了人類感情的徹底喪失。一個人遭受的痛苦不再是真實的，因為他已不是一個真正的人。

　　This is the situation which has been created in South Africa today. The tensions are real, the threat of a violent eruption constant. And this must not be thought of simply as the product of political factors or arguments. It is a simple truth that human relations between people have deteriorated so far that dialogue, understanding, friendship -- all these are impossible.

　　這就是當(dāng)今南非的情景。關(guān)系緊張是真的，爆發(fā)暴力的威脅時刻存在。這一切決不能被簡單地視作政治因素或政治斗爭的產(chǎn)物。人與人之間的關(guān)系極其緊張，對話、理解、友誼，所有這些都是不可能的。這是眾所周知的事實。

　　This is the effect of apartheid in terms of the society -- this is its all pervasive extent:it breeds, if it breeds anything, hostility: often the result is simply the bitter sterility which will bring about violence.

　　這就是種族隔離從社會角度來看的影響――這種影響是無所不在的：如果說它還能繁衍什么的話，那就是敵視。其結(jié)果常常只不過是痛苦的無奈，而這種無奈會帶來暴力。

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