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銆€銆€鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍″弸鎯呮彁绀�:濡傛灉鎮ㄥ湪姝ら亷(gu貌)绋嬩腑閬囧埌浠讳綍鐤戝晱(w猫n)锛岃珛(q菒ng)鐧婚寗鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�鏁欏斧璩囨牸闋婚亾鎴�鏁欏斧璩囨牸璜栧锛屽鏋滀綘鍠滄“涓(xu茅)鏁欏斧璩囨牸璀夈€婄稖鍚堢礌璩�(zh矛)銆嬫骞磋€冮粸(di菐n)锛氭鍙茶垏鍌崇当(t菕ng)鏂囧寲绱犻(y菐ng)”閫欑瘒鏂囩珷锛屾杩庨粸(di菐n)鎿奀trl+D閫�(j矛n)琛屾敹钘�锛屼互渚块毃鏅�(sh铆)鏌ラ柋銆傜挵(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍℃暀甯牷閬撳皬绶ㄩ毃鏅�(sh铆)鑸囧唬澶ц€冪敓鏈嬪弸鍊戜氦娴�锛�

銆€銆€銆愭憳瑕併€戜腑瀛�(xu茅)鏁欏斧璩囨牸璀夈€婄稖鍚堢礌璩�(zh矛)銆嬫骞磋€冮粸(di菐n)锛氭鍙茶垏鍌崇当(t菕ng)鏂囧寲绱犻(y菐ng)锛屽寘鎷腑鍦�(gu贸)姝峰彶涓婄殑閲嶅ぇ浜嬩欢銆佸鍦�(gu贸)姝峰彶涓婄殑閲嶅ぇ浜嬩欢鍙婂偝绲�(t菕ng)鏂囧寲绱犻(y菐ng)銆傛洿澶氬京(f霉)缈�(x铆)璩囨枡璜�(q菒ng)鐪嬩腑瀛�(xu茅)鏁欏斧璩囨牸璀夈€婄稖鍚堢礌璩�(zh矛)銆嬫骞磋€冮粸(di菐n)锛屼綘灏囨湁鎰忔兂涓嶅埌鐨勬敹鐛�銆�

銆€銆€榛�(di菐n)鎿婃煡鐪嬶細涓(xu茅)鏁欏斧璩囨牸璀夈€婄稖鍚堢礌璩�(zh矛)銆嬫骞磋€冮粸(di菐n)鍖附

銆€銆€浜屻€佸鍦�(gu贸)姝峰彶涓婄殑閲嶅ぇ浜嬩欢

銆€銆€1.鏂囪棟寰�(f霉)鑸�

銆€銆€14涓栫磤(j矛)闁�(k膩i)濮嬩簬鎰忓ぇ鍒╃殑鏂囪棟寰�(f霉)鑸堥亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng).鏄柊鑸堢殑璩囩敘(ch菐n)闅庣礆(j铆)鍦ㄦ枃瀛�(xu茅)銆佽棟琛�(sh霉)銆佸摬瀛�(xu茅)鑸囩瀛�(xu茅)闋�(l菒ng)鍩熸巰璧风殑灏�(du矛)灏佸缓涓荤京銆佷腑涓栫磤(j矛)绁炲(xu茅)鍜屽摬瀛�(xu茅)鐧�(f膩)鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勪竴鍫�(ch菐ng)闈╁懡銆傚畠鍦ㄦ枃瀛�(xu茅)銆佽棟琛�(sh霉)鍜岃嚜鐒剁瀛�(xu茅)绛夐牁(l菒ng)鍩熼兘鍙栧緱浜嗚紳鐓岀殑鎴愬氨鏄瓙娲叉鍙蹭笂鐨勪竴娆℃€濇兂闈╂柊閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)銆�

銆€銆€2.绗竴娆″伐妤�(y猫)闈╁懡

銆€銆€绗竴娆″伐妤�(y猫)闈╁懡涔熺ū鐢�(ch菐n)妤�(y猫)闈╁懡锛屾槸鎸囦互鎵嬪伐妤�(y猫)鍕炲嫊(d貌ng)鐐哄熀绀�(ch菙)鐨勮硣鏈富缇╂墜宸ュ牬(ch菐ng)閬�(gu貌)娓″埌閲囩敤姗�(j墨)鍣ㄧ敓鐢�(ch菐n)鐨勮硣鏈富缇╁伐寤犵殑閬�(gu貌)绋�銆�(鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍″皬绶ㄦ暣鐞嗕腑瀛�(xu茅)鏁欏斧璩囨牸璀夈€婄稖鍚堢礌璩�(zh矛)銆嬫骞磋€冮粸(di菐n)锛氭鍙茶垏鍌崇当(t菕ng)鏂囧寲绱犻(y菐ng))

銆€銆€3.缇庡湅(gu贸)鐛�(d煤)绔嬫埌(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)鑸囧缓鍦�(gu贸)

銆€銆€1775骞�4鏈�锛屽寳缇庣崹(d煤)绔嬫埌(zh脿n)鐖�(zh膿ng)闁�(k膩i)濮�銆�1776骞�7鏈�4鏃�锛岀敱璩囩敘(ch菐n)闅庣礆(j铆)姘戜富娲炬澃鏂愰仠璧疯崏鐨勩€婄崹(d煤)绔嬪瑷€銆嬫寮忕櫦(f膩)甯�銆�

銆€銆€1789骞�1鏈�锛岃彲鐩涢爴鐣�(d膩ng)閬哥編鍦�(gu贸)绗竴浠荤附绲�(t菕ng)銆傚悓骞�4鏈�锛岃彲鐩涢爴鍦ㄧ磹绱勫瑾撳氨鑱�锛岀祫鎴愯伅(li谩n)閭︽斂搴�銆�

銆€銆€4.娉曞湅(gu贸)璩囩敘(ch菐n)闅庣礆(j铆)闈╁懡

銆€銆€1789骞�7鏈�14鏃ワ紝宸撮粠浜烘皯鑸夎璧风京锛岃捣缇╄€呮矕鍚戝反澹簳鐛�——灏堝埗绲�(t菕ng)娌荤殑璞″緛锛屾彮闁�(k膩i)浜嗘硶鍦�(gu贸)璩囩敘(ch菐n)闅庣礆(j铆)闈╁懡鐨勫簭骞�銆�

銆€銆€5.绗竴娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)

銆€銆€1914骞�6鏈�28鏃�锛岃柀鎷夌啽绐╄瑎娈轰簨浠跺紩鐧�(f膩)绗竴娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)銆�1918骞�11鏈�11鏃�锛屽痉鍦�(gu贸)瀹ｅ竷鎶曢檷锛岀涓€娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)浠ュ悓鐩熷湅(gu贸)鐨勫け鏁楄€屽憡绲�銆�(鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍″皬绶ㄦ暣鐞嗕腑瀛�(xu茅)鏁欏斧璩囨牸璀夈€婄稖鍚堢礌璩�(zh矛)銆嬫骞磋€冮粸(di菐n)锛氭鍙茶垏鍌崇当(t菕ng)鏂囧寲绱犻(y菐ng))

銆€銆€6.绗簩娆′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)

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銆€銆€1945骞�8鏈�15鏃�锛屾棩鏈甯冩姇闄嶏紝9鏈�2鏃�锛屾棩鏈敖缃蹭簡鎶曢檷鏇�(sh奴)锛岀浜屾涓栫晫澶ф埌(zh脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏉�銆�

銆€銆€7.鑱�(li谩n)鍚堝湅(gu贸)鐨勫缓绔�

銆€銆€1945骞�1o鏈�24鏃ワ紝鍦ㄧ編鍦�(gu贸)鑸婇噾灞辩敖瑷傜敓鏁堢殑銆婅伅(li谩n)鍚堝湅(gu贸)鎲茬珷銆�锛屾(bi膩o)蹇楄憲鑱�(li谩n)鍚堝湅(gu贸)姝ｅ紡鎴愮珛銆�

銆€銆€鏇村涓姝峰彶閲嶅ぇ浜嬩欢瑭宠(ji脿n)鏁欐潗銆�

銆€銆€涓夈€佸偝绲�(t菕ng)鏂囧寲绱犻(y菐ng)

銆€銆€1.鍌崇当(t菕ng)鎬濇兂鏂囧寲

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銆€銆€2.婕唬鍎掑(xu茅)

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銆€銆€3.瀹嬫槑鐞嗗(xu茅)

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銆€銆€绶ㄨ集鎺ㄨ枽锛�銆€

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銆€銆€2016骞翠笅鍗婂勾涓(xu茅)鏁欏斧璩囨牸璀夎€冭│瀛�(xu茅)绉戠煡璀�(sh铆)鑸囨暀瀛�(xu茅)鑳藉姏鐪熼鍙婄瓟妗堣В鏋愬尟绺�

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銆€銆€(1)绁炶┍鏁呬簨

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