Have you ever wondered about the origin of handshakes? You might be interested to know that the very nature of the handshake was originally intended to show oneself friendly。
你想過握手是從何起源的嗎?也許你也想知道握手源自用來表達自己的友善態(tài)度。
During the medieval times, when many of the men were covered in armor, the handshake was a manner of greeting used to show friendship. If one male extended an open hand to another, this was understood to mean an extension of friendship and the gesture would be returned. Of course the alternative would be a hand extended with an accompanying dagger or sword. Suffice it to say the handshake was a way to determine whether one was friend or foe。
中世紀(jì)時期，很多男人穿著盔甲，握手是表示友誼的問候方式。如果男士向另一位男士伸出攤開的手，這意味著要交朋友。另一個人會回以同樣的手勢做反應(yīng)。當(dāng)然，還有一種方式是伸出握著匕首或劍的手。這足夠說明握手是判斷一個人是朋友還是敵人的方法。
Handshake Basics
握手基本要點
The basic American handshake is very simple and most often used as a greeting between friends or new acquaintances. Here's how it is done:
基本的美式握手禮節(jié)非常簡單，經(jīng)常作為朋友和新識之間打招呼的方式。以下是如何握手：
The right hand is extended, thumb up and palm flat。
右手伸出，大拇指朝上，手掌攤平。
Grasp the other person's hand using a firm grip, palm on palm。
手掌貼手掌，有力地握住另一個人的手。
Hands are pumped two or three time in a vertical motion。
手垂直上下2-3次。
The grip is released。
松開手。
You can definitely practice extending great handshakes with your friends and family members so that you can determine what is comfortable for you and others. Trying it out on a friend is much easier than starting out with strangers。
你可以和朋友、家人聯(lián)系，這樣確定舒服的握手方式。和朋友一起嘗試比和陌生人要容易得多。
Handshake Types
握手類型
The Hand Hug: The "handhug" is a popular type of handshake often used by politicians. This shake which involves the covering of the clenched hand shake with the left hand, communicates warmth, friendship, trust and honesty。
手的擁抱：“手的擁抱”是政治家經(jīng)常使用的一種握手方式。這種握手方式用左手緊緊相握，表達溫暖、友誼、信任、誠實。
The Crusher: This painful handshake is a favorite shake of aggressive people. This shake is said to display confidence and power。
粉碎者：這是進取心強的人最喜歡的握手方式。這種握手方式據(jù)說體現(xiàn)了自信和力量。
The Queen's Fingertips: This handshake greeting is most commonly observed in male-female encounters. Usually the female presents her outstretched hand and the recipient grasps only a few digits of the right hand。
女王的指尖：這種握手方式在男女會面中最為常見。通常女性伸出手來，男性只握住右手手指。
The Please Keep Back: This handshake is usually extended when one of the parties is not too excited about the greeting. He or she may feel intruded upon or inconvenienced and the handshake will communicate the discomfort。
生人勿近：這種握手方式通常是雙方中的一個對會面和問候不熱情。他或者她會感覺不方便，覺得被打擾握手的時候就會表露出這種不適。
Handshakes in Culture
不同文化中的握手
There are many alternatives to the everyday basic handshake. Many cultures have personalized the handshake for use within their community. Here are a few。
日常生活中除了握手還有很多其他替代方式。很多文化中有著特定的握手方式。以下是一些例子。
The "jiveshake" or "black man's shake," is associated with African-American culture. This handshake is performed by each person clutching the base of the other person's thumb and often leaning in to bump opposite shoulders. This shake is also a familiar greeting amongst men in some Native American cultures。
“jiveshake”或者叫“黑人式握手”和美國黑人文化相關(guān)聯(lián)。這種握手方式是每個人抓住另外一個人的大拇指，靠過去互撞肩膀。這一些美國本土文化中也是人們打招呼的一種常用方式。
Members of the Boy Scouts of America use a left handed shake, referred to as the 'scout shake.' This was a convention started by Lord Baden-Powell. Tradition states that Baden-Powell was impressed by a legend he heard while he was in West Africa. The story goes that two warring chiefs desiring peace, confronted one another. One chief dropped both his weapon and his shield. Not only was his right hand empty of a weapon leaving him unable to attack, but his left hand was left empty of a shield and he was thus unable to defend against the weapons of the other。
美國童子軍成員用左手握手，名為“童子軍式握手”。這是由貝登堡勛爵(注：國際童軍運動創(chuàng)始者)創(chuàng)立的傳統(tǒng)。據(jù)說貝登堡勛爵對于在西非聽聞的傳說印象深刻。故事說的是當(dāng)兩個交戰(zhàn)中的首領(lǐng)想要謀求和平，他們面對面時，其中一個把自己的武器和盾都放在地上。他右手不拿武器，無法攻擊，而他的左手沒有盾就無法抵御他人的武器。
Those who practice the sport of fencing traditionally shake using the non-sworded hand at the conclusion of their bout。
練擊劍的人通常在一個回合結(jié)束之后用不拿劍的那只手來握手。
Many secret societies, fraternity and sorority employ secret handshakes enabling them to identify initiated brothers and sisters。
很多秘密組織，兄弟會和女生聯(lián)誼會使用秘密的握手方式來辨別他們的兄弟姐妹。
Some cultures have a habit of shaking both hands。
有些文化里有雙手握手的習(xí)慣。
In Western culture, handshakes should be firm as weak handshakes are considered limp and cold。
在西方文化中，握手應(yīng)當(dāng)有力。無力的握手被認(rèn)為是軟弱無情的。
In European countries such as France and Italy, the norm is to shake hands every time you meet someone。
在歐洲國家，例如法國和意大利，每次你見到某人的時候都要握手。
In some Muslim countries (such as Turkey or the Arabic-speaking Middle East)， a grip that is too firm is considered to be rude behavior。
在一些穆斯林國家(比如土耳其和中東阿拉伯語國家)，大力握手被認(rèn)為是很粗魯?shù)呐e動。
In China, not only are weak handshakes preferred, but the custom is to hold on for an extended time after the initial shake。
在中國，更傾向于輕輕地握手，而且在握手之后要再握一會。
In Turkey, the casual standard greeting is usually a kiss on the cheek twice. In some cultures the handshake may be concluded by the open palm of the hand being placed on the heart。
在土耳其，普通的問候是在臉頰上親吻2次。在某些文化中，握手最后會把攤開的手掌放在心口處。
As you greet others cross-culturally you should also remember that some religions, such as Orthodox Judaism and Islam, prohibit physical contact between men and women. In these situations follow the lead of the others around you. In general, men will exchange shakes with other men and likewise the women with other women. In place of a shake it is appropriate to give a short nod of your head。
問候不同文化的人，要記住某些宗教，比如東正教、猶太教、伊斯蘭教，禁止男女之間身體接觸。在這種情況下，跟著別人做。通常，男士之間互相握手，女士之間也是如此。不握手，短暫點頭示意也可以。
