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銆€銆€Computers Can Read

銆€銆€Computers can solve difficult problems and control the machines which are not simple. Many people use small computers called calculators to add, subtract, multiply, and divide numbers quickly. Scientists use large computers to solve many problems at the same time. You can play games with computers, and some computers can help you learn languages. The Reading Machine is a special kind of computer. It can read books for blind people.

銆€銆€This machine consists fo three sections: a scanner (鎺冩弿鍎€), a computer, and a vioce synthesizer (鍚堟垚鍣�). These three parts are like your eyes, your brain, and your voice. The scanner is the "eye"of the machine. It scans, or looks at the words on the page of a book and changes them into signals. These signals then go to the computer, the "brain" of the machine. The computer analyzes (鍒嗘瀽)the signals and r***gnizes the words and then sends information about the words to the vioce synthesizer. The voice synthesizer makes the sounds of the words.

銆€銆€To use the machine, a blind person simply opens the book and puts it face down on the scanner. The machine reads the words on the page. When one page is finished, the blind person turns the page and puts the bllk on the scanner again. The reading Machine can read in a standard voice in a special fast voice. it can read words with small letters, large lettters, or italics (鏂滈珨).

銆€銆€Blind people like the Reading Machine because they can "read" anything within newspapers, magazines, books, even typed letter. Many libraries now have Rading Machines for blind people to use. The Reading Machine can also help sighted children learn to read.

銆€銆€Can the Reading machine help you to read in English? The computer can analyze the grammar of sentences, and the voice synthesizer can make the sounds of the words. However, the machine cannot explain the meanings of the words. To use the machine, you must know the meanins of the words and sentences first.

銆€銆€1. The first paragraph is mainly concerned with the different u---------of the computers.

銆€銆€寰為鐩締(l谩i)鐪嬮€欏€�(g猫)椤岀洰鑰冨療鑰冪敓鐨勬鎷ぇ鎰忕殑鑳藉姏銆傞洊鐒剁煭鏂囩殑绗竴娈垫矑(m茅i)鏈夋槑纰虹殑涓婚鍙ワ紝浣嗘槸璁€瀹屾娈垫垜鍊戝氨鍏ㄦ劅瑕�(ju茅)鍒�锛屼箞涓€娈垫槸寰炲咕鍊�(g猫)涓嶅悓鐨勬柟闈締(l谩i)璎涜堪瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)鐨勭敤閫�銆傝€屼笖鍦ㄦ湰娈典腑use涓€瑭炰娇鐢ㄤ簡鍏╂锛屽啀鍔犱笂鏈绛旀鐐簎se銆�

銆€銆€2. The computer, one of the three parts of the Reading Machine, is like the b---- of a human being.

銆€銆€瑭查鑰冨療鎳�(y墨ng)瑭﹁€呮妸鎻℃枃绔犱腑鐨勪簨瀵�(sh铆)鑸囩窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鐨勮兘鍔�銆傛垜鍊戝彲浠ユ妸瀹冭綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤閫欐ǎ鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)鍟�(w猫n)椤�“闆昏叇浣滅偤闁辫畝姗�(j墨)鐨勪笁鍊�(g猫)绲勬垚閮ㄥ垎涔嬩竴锛屼粬鐨勪綔鐢ㄧ浉鐣�(d膩ng)浜虹殑浠€涔堝櫒瀹�?”鐒跺悗鎴戝€�?c猫)淇氳娇鎭艰疆琚戙伒閬梒姝ゆ湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹�锛屼笉闆ｇ櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)锛岃垏姝ゆ湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹瑰湪鐭枃鐨勭浜屾鐨勯枊(k膩i)濮�锛孴his machine consists of three sections: a scanner, a computer, and a voice synthsizer. These three parts are like your eyes, your brain, and your voice. 闁辫畝姗�(j墨)鍖呮嫭鎺冩弿鍎€锛岄浕鑵﹀拰鍚堟垚鍣ㄤ笁鍊�(g猫)绲勬垚閮ㄥ垎锛屾巸鎻忓剙鐩哥暥(d膩ng)鑸囦汉鐨勭溂鐫�锛岄偅涔堥浕鑵︿篃灏辩浉鐣�(d膩ng)浜庝汉鐨勫ぇ鑵︿簡锛屽洜姝わ紝鏈绛旀鐐篵rain銆�

銆€銆€3. The Reading Machine can r***gnize the words with letters of differents s------.

銆€銆€姝ら涔熸槸鑰冨療鎳�(y墨ng)瑭﹁€呮妸鎻℃枃绔犱腑鐨勪簨瀵�(sh铆)鑸囩窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鐨勮兘鍔�銆傛垜鍊戝彲浠ユ妸閫欏€�(g猫)鍙ュ瓙杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤閫欐ǎ涓€鍊�(g猫)鍟�(w猫n)椤岋細“閫欑ó闁辫畝姗�(j墨)鍙互杈獚(r猫n)浠€涔堟ǎ鐨勫柈瑭�?”鏂囩珷绗笁娈电殑鏈€鍚庝竴鍙ヨ┍瑾�(shu艒)闁辫畝姗�(j墨)鍙互璀�(sh铆)鍒ュ皬鐨勫瓧姣�锛屽ぇ鐨勫瓧姣嶆寚鐨勬槸瀛楁瘝鐨勫ぇ灏�锛屽嵆size;鏂滈珨瀛楁瘝鏃╂寚鐨勬槸瀛楁瘝鐨勫舰鐙€锛屽嵆type锛岀敱浜庢湰椤岃姹傚～鍏ョ殑绗竴鍊�(g猫)瀛楁瘝鐐簊锛屾墍浠ョ瓟妗堢偤size銆�

銆€銆€4. The Reading Machine may help blind people deal with all kinds of reading m------ such as newspapers, magazines and books.

銆€銆€鏈鐩稿皪(du矛)渚�(l谩i)瑾�(shu艒)瑕佺啊(ji菐n)鍠竴浜�锛屽洜?y脿n)杞瓆鐩湰韬氨宸茬稉(j墨ng)绲︽垜鍊戞彁渚涗簡瓒冲鐨勪俊鎭�锛宯ewspapers, magazines 鍙� books 鍧囧爆浜庤畝鐗�锛屽嵆闁辫畝鏉愭枡锛岃€屼笖鍦ㄥ悇绋€冭│涓垜鍊戦兘鏈�(hu矛)瑕�(ji脿n)鍒皉eading materials銆傚緢鏄庨’锛屾湰椤岀殑绛旀鐐簃aterials銆�

銆€銆€5. People cannot find the e------ of the words while using the Reading Machine.

銆€銆€绗竷椤屼篃鏄€冪綍鎳�(y墨ng)瑭﹁€呮妸鎻℃枃绔犱腑鐨勪簨瀵�(sh铆)鑸囩窗(x矛)绡€(ji茅)鐨勮兘鍔�锛岄鐩湰韬彲浠ヨ綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤閫欐ǎ鐨勫晱(w猫n)椤岋細“鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄩ柋璁€姗�(j墨)鏅�(sh铆)锛屼汉鍊戜笉鑳界櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)浠€涔�?”锛岃垏姝ょ浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勫収(n猫i)瀹瑰湪鐭枃鐨勬渶鍚庝竴娈碉細 However, the machine cannot explain the meanings of the words, 鏍规摎(j霉)鎻愮ず瑭�"explain", 鎴戝€戝氨鎳�(y墨ng)鑳藉～鍑哄畠鐨勫悕瑭炲舰寮�"explanation"銆�

銆€銆€璜�(q菒ng)鐪嬪ぇ缍辩14闋�(y猫)鐨勪竴绡囩煭鏂囷細 Television in the USA

銆€銆€Thirty-four percent of the world's television sets are in the USA. But it is not fair that some foreigners have concluded that America has a TV culture. Still it is true that American TV has great-power and can make or break well-known people in fron of the camera. There are a thousand stations in the 50 states, and in most places there is a choice of five or six channels. The major networks (National Broadcasting Company, Columbia Broadcasting System and the American Broadcasting Compan) introduce a lot of new shows of every kind. Those dramas, soap operas, talk shows, news shows, and sport shows which are cuccessful, are relayed (杞�(zhu菐n)鎾�)throughout American and are often sold abroad. Roots, by the black writer Alex Haley, for example, was sold all over the world.

銆€銆€Nearly all TV in the USA is commercial, and programs are interrupted every quarter of an hour or so for advertisements. These breaks make people upset, expecially during some exciting action in a good film. However, commercials do make it possible to show programs on TV that are expensive to produce.

銆€銆€There is one channel where there are no commercial breaks. Programs on this channel are run by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) and can be seen all over the USA. Although the PBS gets a grant from the government, the government does not interfere in any way in the organization of its programs. There are programs on everyday affairs, music, the arts, as well as serious discussions on all kinds of topics. Some programs are supported by companies or institutions, but these organizations are not allowed to influence the content of a program.

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銆€銆€36. The conclusion made by some foreigners that America has a television culture is not f-------.

銆€銆€鏈绛旀鐐篺air銆傛湰椤屽緢绨�(ji菐n)鍠�锛屽洜?y脿n)闁�?w猫n)椤岀瓑浜庢妸鏂囩珷绗竴娈电殑绗簩鍙ヨ┍閲嶈(shu艒)浜嗕竴閬�銆�

銆€銆€37. A great number of new shows are introduced by the leading n---- in the USA.

銆€銆€鏈绛旀鐐簄etworks銆傚師鏂囩涓€娈垫湁閫欐ǎ涓€鍙ヨ┍锛歍he major networks...introduce a lot of new shows of every kind銆傞€欓噷鐨刴ajor绛変簬leading锛岀敱浜庣┖鏍艰檿宸茬郸鍑鸿濉鐨勯瀛楁瘝n锛屾墍浠ユ噳(y墨ng)濉玭etworks銆�

銆€銆€38. There is just one c----without breaks for advertisements in the USA.

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銆€銆€39. While people are watching TV programs, breaks for advertisements can make them w------.

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銆€銆€40. Although some companies supply money for some programs, they are not a-----to have influence upon the content of the programs in any way.

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